3.5.2　資料性文摘

資料性文摘（informative abstract）是譯出原文提供的主要情境和基本事實(shí)，或譯出原文討論的主題范圍、研究對(duì)象（裝置、流程、工藝、材料、病況等）、原理、試驗(yàn)研究的手段、方法、結(jié)果和結(jié)論，并譯出主要數(shù)據(jù)、公式和圖表。資料性文摘相對(duì)較長(zhǎng)（按原文長(zhǎng)度的比例而言），一般情況下，讀者不看原文，即可從文摘中獲得主要資料。例如：

Hormones Could Curb Broken Hips in Women

By Oliver Gillie，Medical Editor

Women who have passed through the menopause should consider taking extra female hormones to prevent bone fractures，the Royal College of Physicians said yesterday．

Its advice follows a two-fold increase in hip fractures in old people over the past 20 years.The increase is probably the result of changes in lifestyle，particularly a decline in the amount of exercise people take．

More than 46，000 people a year suffer hip fractures in England and Wales and about a quarter die as a result.Many more never regain full mobility.The hospital costs are about ￡160 a year，the college says in a new report.

Women are most vulnerable after the age of 50 because calcium lost from bones more rapidly when female hormones decline after the menopause.Hip fractures are most common in older women：almost 60 percent occur in women over 75．

Middle-aged women vary in the amount of calcium lost from their bones；one third suffer heavy losses，making them much more vulnerable to fractures．These women may be detected by screening methods which involve shining a light beam through the wrist，but this method is not widely available.

Dr.John Kanis，reader in human metabolism at Sheffield University，said，“Female hormones help to prevent loss of calcium from bones．After the menopause some female hormone is still produced in body fat but thin women produce very little female hormone and so they should have hormone replacement therapy［extra female hormones］．

“Women who have their ovaries removed surgically and women who have a premature menopause［while they are in their early 40s or younger］should have hormone replacement therapy because they start losing calcium from their bones earlier.

“Heavy smokers and heavy drinkers should also have hormonereplacement therapy because they produce less female hormonenaturally．”

However，medical opinion differs on the therapy.Sir Raymond-Hoffenberg，president of the college，said，“It is advisable for all women over 50 to have hormone replacement therapy，except for certain women who should not take it because there is an increased risk of breast cancer if close relatives have had the disease.”

However，loss of calcium can also be prevented by taking exercise and eating foods rich in calcium（best sources：milk and milk products，canned fish eaten with bones，dark-green leafy vegetables）．

Fractured Neck of Femur: Prevention and Management.Royal College of Physicians，11 St.Andrews Place，London，NW14E.

英國(guó)皇家醫(yī)學(xué)院建議絕經(jīng)后的婦女應(yīng)考慮額外攝取雌性激素以預(yù)防骨折。過(guò)去20年，老年人髖部骨折病例增加兩倍。在英格蘭和威爾士?jī)傻兀磕暧?6 000多人患髖部骨折，其中約1/4因此喪生，有更多人活動(dòng)功能受阻。50歲以上婦女易致髖部骨折，因?yàn)榻^經(jīng)后雌性激素水平下降，骨內(nèi)鈣質(zhì)迅速損耗。其中，75歲以上婦女的病例約占60%。在如何治療方面，醫(yī)學(xué)家意見有分歧。

文摘提供病因、病況及預(yù)治方法，并摘錄主要數(shù)據(jù)。