綜合自測題
第五章 綜合自測題
Test One
Section A Chinese to English
我到麗江古城去玩了一個(gè)下午。那里處處流水,處處楊柳依依,而且還有女子在溪邊浣衣,令人幾疑是北宋的一幅山水畫擺在那兒。連那里的居民,居民的衣著,似乎都停留在宋代。外人走進(jìn)去,仿佛走進(jìn)了桃花源,時(shí)間都終止了。
麗江以后,一早又乘班車到金江,準(zhǔn)備到金江后,轉(zhuǎn)搭火車到峨眉山去。車子翻過一座座的高山,走了幾乎一整天,才在下午六時(shí)左右,開進(jìn)了一個(gè)地名很別致的地方,叫攀枝花市,也等于進(jìn)入四川省界了。金江火車站就在市郊了。
(選自《杜甫的五城:一個(gè)中國火車迷的壯游》,作者賴瑞和)
Section B English to Chinese
We may pretend that beauty is only skin deep,but the sad truth is that attractive people do better.They do better in school,where they receive more help and are punished less;at work,where they get better pay and higher positions;in love,where they control the relationship;and among strangers,who think them to be more interesting,honest,and successful.
After all,in most stories the characters are divided into heroes that are handsome,women that are beautiful,and bad people that are ugly.Therefore,even as children,we began to see through stories that good people are beautiful and bad people are ugly.Perhaps it is not surprising that a judge is more likely to give an attractive criminal a shorter sentence.
(Excerpted from Why Does Beauty Matter?)
Test Two
Section A Chinese to English
一進(jìn)入慶元境內(nèi),美麗的廊橋可以在路邊看到一些。在距離縣城西北16公里,一個(gè)叫竹口鎮(zhèn)的地方,后坑橋跨越在兩座山頭之間,如同一道彩虹出現(xiàn)在我們面前。它在第一時(shí)間里,讓我想起了著名的《廊橋遺夢》:一個(gè)叫羅伯特的美國人,曾用他的鏡頭感動了世界,人們紛紛把目光投向了那座叫麥迪遜的廊橋。今天,當(dāng)我們和攝影家陳曉華來到這座有著300多年歷史的廊橋時(shí),我們仿佛進(jìn)入了一個(gè)時(shí)間的入口,在這些窄窄的條凳上,仿佛昨天坐過歇腳的鄉(xiāng)親,坐過挑擔(dān)的貨郎,坐過上京趕考的秀才 。而在廊橋的簡介牌上,我們還看到,70年前,中國工農(nóng)紅軍曾經(jīng)從這里經(jīng)過。
(選自www.lisshi.gov.cn)
Section B English to Chinese
In reality,love probably goes on with breaks and interruptions.First,it is difficult to suppose that one can experience anything continuously.Sleep interrupts wakefulness,and sleep itself is interrupted by dreams and nightmares.The feeling one has for his lover during wakefulness may be blotted out or intensified by sleep.In either case,the feeling changes.When one is awake,he cannot fix his eyes or his attention constantly on a single object.He must blink,if nothing else.More likely he will look to something else for variety or from necessity.His mind may turn to the stock market or he may become fascinated by the operation of pile driver on his wayto work.His focus for much of his dayis on work.As he closes the door to his office,his thoughts may turn to his love,but sitting at his desk,his eyes fix on the print and figures there.He may fall out of love and into his work,or he may catch the faint perfume of his secretary.
(Excerpted fromLove)
Test Three
Section A Chinese to English
按照北京的老規(guī)矩,過農(nóng)歷的新年(春節(jié)),差不多在臘月的初旬就開頭了?!芭D七臘八,凍死寒鴉?!边@是一年里最冷的時(shí)候??墒牵搅藝?yán)冬,不久便是春天,所以人們并不因?yàn)楹涠鴾p少過年與迎春的熱情。在臘八那天,人家里,寺觀里,都熬臘八粥。這種特制的粥是祭祖祭神的。可是細(xì)一想,它倒是農(nóng)業(yè)社會的一種自傲的表現(xiàn)——這種粥是用所有的各種的米,各種的豆,與各種的干果熬成的。這不是粥,而是小型的農(nóng)業(yè)展覽會。
(選自《北京的春節(jié)》,作者老舍)
Section B English to Chinese
Much of the discussion of environmental problems in the popular press leaves the reader with the impression that matters have been growing steadily worse,and that pollution is largely aproduct of the profit system and modern industrialization.There are environmental problems today that are both enormous and pressing,but in fact pollution is nothing new.Medieval cities were pestholes—the streets and rivers were littered with garbage and the air stank of rotting wastes.At the beginning of the eighteenth century,a German traveler reported that to get a view of London from the tower of St.Paul’s,one had to get there very early in the morning“before the air was full of coal smoke”.
Since 1960there has been progress in solving some pollution problems,much of it the result of concerted efforts to protect the environment.The quality of the air in most Canadian cities has improved.
Test Four
Section A Chinese to English
夜很靜,月亮?xí)灮艘磺?,城北低洼帶的居民區(qū)里,溶溶地,看不見了街面,墻角;房頂浮著,是無數(shù)的三角和斜面。伴著一盞孤獨(dú)的路燈,黑黝黝地歪著一幢木樓:已經(jīng)是百二十年物了吧,油漆全然剝落,檐角差不多也腐爛了;透著門窗,隱隱地有了一絲兒亮光,一種單調(diào)的,似乎又有了些節(jié)奏的聲音就飄了出來,一會兒高了,一會兒低了,先是那么刺耳,細(xì)細(xì)聽下去,又淡淡地有了那么一點(diǎn)兒音韻呢。夜涼涼的,顯得更深沉了。
(選自《晚唱》,作者賈平凹)
Section B English to Chinese
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations we can ever come to.It liberates time:now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness.It liberates money:buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless.And it liberates us from envy:we now understand that all those rich and glamorous people we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
The moment we understand that fun does not bring happiness,we begin to lead our lives differently.The effect can be,quite literally,life transforming.
(Excerpted fromThe Secret of True Happiness)
Test Five
Section A Chinese to English
一樣懷舊,由不同的作者寫來,就有興趣,大都有一個(gè)城市的特殊情調(diào),或是濃厚的鄉(xiāng)土氣息。即使是連糯米或紅棗都沒有的窮鄉(xiāng)僻壤,要用代用品,不見得怎么好吃,而由于懷鄉(xiāng)癥與童年的回憶,自稱饞涎欲滴。這些代用品都是史料。此外就是美食家的回憶錄,記載的名菜小吃不但眼前已經(jīng)吃不到了,就有也走了樣,就連大陸上當(dāng)?shù)卮蟾乓步^跡了,當(dāng)然更是史料。不過給一般讀者看,盛筵難再,不免有畫餅充饑 之感,尤其是身在海外的人 。我們中國人享慣口福,除了本土都是中國人的災(zāi)區(qū),赤地千里。——當(dāng)然也不必慘到這樣。西諺有云:“二鳥在林中不如一鳥在手?!毕日剺鋮仓羞钡亩B,雖然驚鴻一瞥,已經(jīng)消逝了。
(選自《談吃與畫餅充饑》,作者張愛玲)
Section B English to Chinese
I never managed to see the point of living with a man and cooking his meals in return for housekeeping money:the secret was never revealed,the door into the garden never opened.I would gaze at other couples and wonder if they knew what they were doing,whether I alone was shut out and excluded from joy.I was an impossible wife.My only conjugal virtue was an extreme enthusiasm for my husband’s work,which I quickly realized I did not understand at all.Unfortunately Maleom’s chief conjugal virtue was an acute consciousness of the fact that his work excluded me.I could not complain,but he was so sensitive about his constant desertions that he imagined I did;he made numerous cracks about my miserable jealousy and my constant nagging.
(Excerpted fromThe Water fall,By Margaret Drabble)
Test Six
Section A Chinese to English
當(dāng)今世界,國際局勢總體上趨向緩和,但各種因素引發(fā)的沖突甚至局部戰(zhàn)爭此起彼伏,一些地區(qū)的緊張態(tài)勢依然存在,妨礙了有關(guān)國家和地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,也對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生了不利影響。一切負(fù)責(zé)任的政治家和政府,都應(yīng)該遵守《聯(lián)合國憲章》的宗旨和公認(rèn)的國際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則,為實(shí)現(xiàn)普遍、持久、全面的和平而努力,而不能違背各國人民的利益去人為地挑起緊張態(tài)勢,甚至制造武力沖突。
Section B English to Chinese
Chocolate comes from the fruit of the cocoa tree,and starts as a pod,containing lots of small fleshy white fruit in rows.The cocoa bean is essentially the seed germ of the fruit and looks rather like a lychee seed:small,brown,shiny and about the size and shape of an almond.
The tree has the unusual habit of bearing its flowers and subsequently its pods directly on the main trunk as well as on the branches.The cocoa tree is also remarkable in that,at almost any time of the year,a close look will reveal thousands of small waxy white flowers.These blossoms are extravagant and up to fifty or even a hundred thousand can be produced by a mature treein a single year.Sadly the flowers have no discernible fragrance.At the same time pods of all sizes and colours and in varying degrees of ripeness can be observed.
(Excerpted fromChocolate:The Food of the God,by Chantal Coady)
Test Seven
Section A Chinese to English
“人們的生活越來越富裕,但卻遠(yuǎn)不如以前那樣快樂了”,這個(gè)現(xiàn)象似乎早已成為現(xiàn)代生活永恒的矛盾之一。一個(gè)可能的答案就潛藏在我們的心理因素中,即如何才能夠滿足。我們對于地位、財(cái)富的需求上限從來都不是孤立定位的,而是在與參照組——通常是那些我們自認(rèn)為與其地位相當(dāng)?shù)娜恕容^之后得出的。我們無法孤立地對現(xiàn)今所擁 有的一切心存感激,我們也無法銘記自己在歷史進(jìn)程中所取得的成功。只有當(dāng)我們所擁有的和我們共同成長的朋友、一起工作的同事一樣多甚至更多的時(shí)候,我們才會感覺到幸福。
Section B English to Chinese
Two thirds of all new cases of HIV are now occurring in Africa,where 9million children will be orphaned in the 1990sand where recent gains in child survival are being reversed.In Zimbabwe,for example,AIDS has already become the biggest single killer of the nation’s under-fives.
But the situation in some countries in Asia is giving almost as much cause for concern.Thailand reports that 1adult in 50is infected with HIV,and a study by Mahidol University suggests that the country’s under-five mortality rate will rise by 10%before the end of the century.
Test Eight
Section A Chinese to English
自從新加坡放寬到中國旅游探親的限制后,新加坡掀起了到中國旅游的熱潮。新加坡不少旅行社刊登大幅廣告,組織前往中國的旅游團(tuán)。新加坡報(bào)紙還為此出版中國旅游特輯,介紹中國各地的旅游景點(diǎn)和名勝古跡。據(jù)初步統(tǒng)計(jì),舉行中國之游的旅行社,大小多達(dá)30家。
新加坡《聯(lián)合早報(bào)》不久前刊登中國旅游特輯,圖文并茂地詳細(xì)介紹了北京的萬里長城,南京的石頭城、明孝陵、紫金山,西安的半坡村,四川的峨眉山,安徽的黃山等旅游勝地。
Section B English to Chinese
It would seem that happiness is something to do with simplicity, and that it is the ability to extract pleasure from the simplest things—such as a peach stone,for instance.
It is obvious that it is nothing to do with success.For Sir Henry Stewart was certainly successful.It is twenty years since he came to our village from London,and bought a couple of old cottages,which he had knocked into one.He used his house as a weekend refuge.He was a barrister.And the village followed his brilliant career with something almost amounting to paternal pride.
I remember some ten years ago when he was made a King’s Counsel,Amos and I,seeing him get off the London train,went to congratulate him.We grinned with pleasure;he merely looked as miserable as though he’d received a penal sentence.It was the same when he was knighted;he never smiled a bit,he didn’t even bother to celebrate with a round of drinks at the“Blue Fox”.He took his success as a child does his medicine.
(選自《藍(lán)狐貍》,作者羅納德·鄧肯)
Test Nine
Section A Chinese to English
這,也許特殊了一點(diǎn),常人不容易理解,那么,你看見過筍的成長嗎?你看見過被壓在瓦礫和石塊下面的一顆小草的生長嗎?它為著向往陽光,為著達(dá)成它的生之意志,不管上面的石塊如何重,石塊與石塊之間如何狹,它必定要曲曲折折地,但是頑強(qiáng)不屈地透到地面上來,它的根往土壤鉆,它的芽往地面挺,這是一種不可抗的力,阻止它的石塊,結(jié)果也被它推翻,一粒種子的力量的大,如此如此。
(選自《野草》,作者夏衍)
Section B English to Chinese
I have never had much patience with the writers who claim from the reader an effort to understand their meaning.You have only to go to the great philosophers to see that it is possible to express with lucidity the most subtle reflections.You may find it difficult to understand the thought of Hume,and if you have no philosophical training its implications will doubtless escape you;but no one with any education at all can fail to understand exactly what the meaningof each sentence is.Few people have written English with more grace than Berke1ey.There are two sorts of obscurity that you find in writers.One is due to negligence and the other to willfulness.People often write obscurely because they have never taken the trouble to learn to write clearly.This sort of obscurity you find too often in modern philosophers,in men of science,and even in literarycritics.Here it is indeed strange.You would have thought that men who passed their lives in the study of the great masters of literature would be sufficiently sensitive to the beauty of language to write if not beautifully at least with perspicuity.Yet you will find in their works sentence after sentence that you must read twice to discover the sense.Often you can only guess at it,for the writers have evidently not said what they intended.
Test Ten
Section A Chinese to English
胡同文化是一種封閉的文化。住在胡同里的居民大都安土重遷,不大愿意搬家。有在一個(gè)胡同里一住住幾十年的,甚至有住了幾輩子的。胡同里的房屋大都很舊了,“地根兒”房子就不太好,舊房檁,斷磚墻。下雨天常是外面大下,屋里小下。一到下大雨,總可以聽到房塌的聲音,那是胡同里的房子。但是他們舍不得“挪窩兒”,——“破家值萬貫”。
(選自《胡同文化》,作者汪曾祺
Section B English to Chinese
Books are to mankind what memory is to the individual.They contain the history of our race,the discoveries we have made,the accumulated knowledge and experience of ages;they picture for us the marvels and beauties of nature,help us in our difficulties,comfort us in sorrow and in suffering,change hours of weariness into moments of delight,store our minds with ideas,fill them with good and happy thoughts,and lift us out of and above ourselves.
When we read we may not only be kings and live in palaces,but,what is far better,we may transport ourselves to the mountains or the seashore,and visit the most beautiful parts of the earth,without fatigue,inconvenience,expense.Precious and priceless are the blessings,which the books scatter around our daily paths.We walk,in imagination,with the noblest spirits,through the most sublime and enchanting regions.
(Excerpted fromThe Delights of Books)
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