第三十三課　參觀古代宮殿

參考譯文

◎背景簡介

在黃梅的陪同下，布朗先生去郊游，他們參觀了古代帝王的宮殿住宅，欣賞那里秀麗的景色，玩得十分愉快。

◎情景會話

1.參觀古代帝王的宮殿（1）

H：到了，這里是本市最著名的風(fēng)景區(qū)。

B：多么漂亮的地方?。∪荷江h(huán)繞，綠樹成蔭。

H：柳暗花明，鳥語花香。

B：我看到了那邊那些美麗的建筑物。

H：它們是古代帝王的宮殿和住宅區(qū)。

B：多么雄偉的宮殿??！什么時候建成的呀？

H：這是明朝初期，即15世紀(jì)初建成的，占地六萬多平方米，包括大小建筑物幾十座。

B：雖然是將近600年以前修的，但現(xiàn)在仍然很完好，我真不知道怎么保持得如此完美?。?/p>

2.參觀古代帝王的宮殿（2）

H：快過來，看看這兩根圓柱吧，圓柱上的兩根雕龍看起來栩栩如生。

B：為什么中國大多數(shù)古代宮殿建筑上都雕著龍？

H：在我國古代的傳說里，龍被認(rèn)為是一種高貴的神獸，帝王都自稱為真龍?zhí)熳樱@是炫耀他們至高無上的權(quán)力。

B：這些統(tǒng)治者是當(dāng)時的風(fēng)云人物。

H：隨著勞動人民的反抗起義，他們都一個個被趕下了歷史的舞臺。

B：這座精致的庭院顯得清雅、安靜，我可以拍幾張照片嗎？我想保存一些古代中國建筑物的照片。

H：當(dāng)然可以，歡迎拍照。

3.欣賞古代工藝品

H：大廳旁邊的長廊里陳列著一些古代的工藝品。

B：我對雕刻很感興趣，中國的雕刻是很著名的。

H：那兒陳列著各種各樣的古代雕刻品，有玉雕、牙雕、竹雕、木雕和各種寶石雕。

B：雕刻得多么精美啊！我能買下一些作紀(jì)念品嗎？

H：展出品是不出售的，但你可買上些仿制品，仿制品也很精巧，和真的一樣。

B：好吧，買一些吧。

4.欣賞小湖奇異的景色

H：你看，公園里湖面上的小船已隱隱在目。

B：那邊風(fēng)景獨好，讓我們?nèi)ツ莾盒蕾p這小湖的奇異的景色吧！

H：看，所有的花朵都盛開了，許多游客正沿著湖邊散步哩。

B：?。〉褂吃诤牡乃昂每礃O了。多以迷人的地方啊！

H：看那平靜如鏡的湖水吧！

B：我從未見過這樣清澈蔚藍的湖水，水中盛開的睡蓮顯得十分美麗動人。

H：我們爬到山上去，從山頂，我們可以把小湖的秀色盡收眼底。

B：啊，從山頂望去，景致十分壯觀。

H：山那邊有座漂亮的小花園，我們?nèi)ツ抢锇伞?/p>

B：我想去，但有點口渴了。

H：山正頂上有一個酒吧，我們?nèi)ツ莾号c東西喝吧。

B：那好，去吧?。ㄈゾ瓢桑?/p>

◎參考答案

I.Comprehension questions on situational conversation：

1.An ancient king’s palace.

2.At the beginning of the fifteenth century.

3.Dragon was supposed to be a noble and screed animal.So the emperors claimed to be descendants of dragons and sons of heaven.

4.Jade, ivory, bamboo, wood, and various precious stones.

5.No, they can’t, but they can get some imitations.

6.They can go fishing, go boating and do some other things.

7.Yes.He does.

8.The day is really enjoyable.It seems I’ve gone to another world.

9.I think he will because he enjoys the scenery on the top of the mountain.

II.Complete the following dialogues：

1. B：…The mountain is green and the water is clear.Birds sing and flowers give forth their fragrance.

B：…made by a king for his beloved queen.It covers a history of almost 500 years.

A：…Oh.But it is still in excellent conditions, considering its long history.

2.A：…I wonder why there are carved dragons on most ancient buildings in China.

B：…the dragon was supposed to be a noble and sacred animal…

A：…all the ancient kings and emperors claimed to be the descendants of dragons and sons of heaven.

III.Translate the Chinese in the brackets into English, then use them to replace the italicized words or phrases in the sentences：

1.① beautiful place

② attractive place

③ lovely place

④ splendid place

2.① The temple is … by dense willow trees and bright flowers

② The small lake is…by many colleges and other educational institution

③ Junshan Park is surrounded … by water

3.① Look at

② Notice

③ Pay attention to

4.① graceful and calm

② harmonious

③ unique and charming

5.① Would it be possible for me to

② Shall I

③ Could you allow me

6.① The model of this ancient academy

② Some lovely souvenirs

③ Famous works of ancient Chinese artists

④ All kinds of antiques collected by this family

7.① exhibited

② shown

③ presented

IV.Talk with each other about the following questions or topics：

1.A：Use words and expressions that can bring people beautiful imagination.

B：Quote from some poems, verses and other traditional sayings to deepen the impressions on tourists.

C：Never use such expressions as “the West Lake looks like a kidney”.

2.Yes.Because：a.a better service.

b.a requirement of his (her) profession.

c.shows one’s politeness.

3.I agree.It shows the importance of a tour guide’s literature education.If a tour guide wants his guests to enjoy the beauty of the scenic they are in, he must enjoy the scenery himself first.If a tour guide is poetic, he can, of course, guide his tourist to a different world.

4.To a historical scenic spot guide, his main duty is to make his tourists to have a better understanding of the period the spot stands, the important aspects the spot shows, the splendid part of the whole human history.To a revolutionary spot guide, his main responsibility is to make his tourists to know that what our forefathers have done for us, the contribution to the whole world and remind the tourists their obligation.

V.Situational practice：

1.A：Here we are! This is a very famous ancient king’s palace in China.

B：What a lovely place! The air is fresh and sweet, the environment is quiet and peaceful.

C：The courtyard looks so beautiful.I think this is one of the best courtyards I’ve ever seen.When was it built?

A：The palace was built at the beginning of the 16th century.It has a history of more than 400 years.

B：But it is still in excellent conditions, compared to its long history.

A：Yes.And our government tries her best to protect all these buildings.Please look at these two columns at the entrance.The carved dragons on them are lifelike.Aren’t they?

C：Wow! They are to fly away from the column.

B：What are these two columns used? Why there are so many carved dragons on most ancient buildings in China?

A：The two columns are called Huabiao in Chinese.They are symbols of power and authorities.In China, dragon was supposed to be a noble and sacred animal.They were also used to symbol noble and power.The ancient emperors claimed that they were descendants of dragons and the sons of the Heaven.

C：Mr.Lie, there are some small carvings displayed in the windows, they are also very charming.

A：Those are carvings collected by the royal family throughout their time.Many of them are of high value in both art and economy.

A：Now ladies and gentlemen, let’s go out of this gallery and breathe some more fresh air in the park.

B ＆ C：Let’s go…

2.A：Ladies and gentlemen, here we are at our destination.We can’t drive any longer as the mountain is too cliff.We’ll visit the famous Shanghong Pavilion, the ancient Nanshan temple and some famous revolutionary’s tombs as well.Now, please follow me and keep up with the line.

B：Is the Shanghong Pavilion a very beautiful place?

A：You will soon get your own command.It’s the first spot we’ll visit today.And you will see it within five minutes.

B：But where is the pavilion?

A：Please follow me.Walking along these steps, you can smell the grass and flowers, hear the birds and small insects.They’re welcoming your visit.Now, ladies and gentlemen, please look up.Do you see the pretty pavilion above your heads?

B：There.I can see it very clearly, surrounded by so many big green trees.Wow, there are also small waterfalls behind it.What a quiet and lovely place!

A：Those big trees’ leaves will turn red in fall.By then, the valley will look like a splendid garden with numerous red flowers.It’s really a seen-and- unforgettable scene.The only pity is that we come here a little bit early.

B：We can quite imagine that.There are some Chinese characters on both sides of the pavilions.What do they mean?

A：This is called antithetical couplet.There is one sentence on each side, and the two are similar in both part of speeches of the words and the whole sentence structure.The one on this pavilion is a description of the scenery around the pavilion.

B：…

A：Ladies and gentlemen, time is limited.Hurry up.Please come this way.

B：The tombs here are well decorated.The atmosphere is solemn.The environment is quiet.

A：The people who are buried here were famous revolutionaries in history.

B：Can you give us some brief introductions?

A：My pleasure.Please look here.Follow me, please.This is a small but very charming garden.There are some rare followers and funny stone carvings.We may take some pictures here.

B：Let’s go … Mr.Guide.You do a very good job.We are very glad to have been here this time.

3.A：Here is the gallery.Some ancient handicrafts are displayed here.

B：I like Chinese carvings.They are of unique features.

A：Yes.Chinese carvings are of high imagination.It’s different from western carvings which pay more attention to the real situation.

B：There are so many carvings here, what do they make of?

A：There are various kinds of ancient carvings.For example, these are bamboo carvings.Here are wood carvings.And those are jade carvings.They are all of high quality and values.

B：I find very interesting phenomenon, most of the carvings are made of jade.Why?

A：Well.Jade has been cherished by the Chinese as a symbol of many virtues.Its hardness suggests firmness and loyalty, and its luster projects purity and beauty.There are many famous Chinese sayings concerned with jade, such as “Jade is no more than a stone before it is chiseled” which indicates the importance of education.

B：I see! I think it would be over complicated to make a stone into a jade carving.

A：That’s right.A jade carving would have to pass through more than 20 workers before it turns into a jade article.

B：I really love these jade carvings.Could I buy it?

A：Sorry.These exhibits are not for sale.If you really want to have them, you can buy their imitations which are displayed in a shop outside here.

4.A：Mr.Tour guide, what’s wrong? We should have arrived at the restaurant 10 minutes before, but we keep staying here without moving a single step.

B：Sorry.Ladies and gentlemen, we never expected that our car would go wrong.I’m sorry to have made everyone here be in trouble.I hope the driver can fix it up as soon as possible.For our guests, we can have these three choices：first, we stay here waiting till the bus be fixed, for this, I’m not sure how long it will last; second, I’ll go and call our agency, ask them to send us another bus, this will take about an hour before the bus arrives; and third, I wonder if anyone here that knows anything about the automobiles’ reparation can do us a favor—help the driver out of the problem.

A：All these three are not practicable.I’m hungry.I want to have the lunch, but you want us to stay here waiting for something uncertain.

B：I’m sorry, sir.I’ll try my best to enable everyone here to enjoy his lunch, but presently I do hope you can help me.

C：Mr.Guide, I was once a mobile technician.Er … but …but it was long time ago.I’m not sure if I can be of any help.

B：Oh, thank you! Thank you! Mr.… er …

C：Hill.Thomas Hill.

B：Thank you.Thomas Hill.Please come this way.

(Twenty minutes late)

C：Mr.Guide.I think we’ve finished.Shall we go now?

VI.Read and translate the following dialogues：

1.介紹北陵（1）

A：多么美麗而又平靜的地方?。」爬系慕ㄖ?，聳立在群山的懷抱中。你知道那座建筑物是什么嗎？

B：我們來到了北陵公園。這座陵墓叫“昭陵”，人們通常稱為“北陵”。清朝的第一個皇帝的父親皇太極和他的妻子就葬在這里。

A：這個陵園是什么時候修的？

B：陵墓是1643年開始修建的，整個陵寢占地面積16萬平方米，這是通往陵墓的石坊。

2.介紹北陵（2）

A：這些石獸有什么意義？

B：嗯，這些石獸有各種不同的含義。比如獅子象征威武，大象象征太平，麒麟象征吉祥。封建帝王用這些石獸顯示他們的神圣、威嚴(yán)和不朽。

A：但是事實怎么樣？

B：但事實正如毛澤東所說的那樣：“糞土當(dāng)年萬戶侯”。不朽的并不是皇帝，而是勞動人們創(chuàng)造的業(yè)績。

3.介紹北陵（3）

A：這個亭子里是什么？

B：這是碑亭，里面是神功圣德碑。碑高5.8米，重50噸。上面用漢滿兩種文字刻著碑文。康熙皇帝修建這個碑，是為了給他祖父皇太極歌功頌德。

A：這么大的一塊石板是從哪里運來的呢？

B：是從北京附近的一個大理石礦，完全靠人力運來的。路上走了十多年。

A：什么機器都不用，就把這塊石頭運來了，真叫人難以想象。

B：封建帝王為滿足自己的私欲，竟不顧勞動人民的死活。在搬運石板的過程中，有很多民工由于勞累和饑寒而死去。

4.介紹北陵（4）

A：前面這座樓是什么地方？

B：前面這座樓是隆恩樓。樓那邊的隆恩殿，是皇帝們祭祀祖先的地方。我們順著臺階到城墻上面去吧。

A：城墻的形狀看起來像一個月牙。

B：不錯，這叫月牙城。月牙的中心就是皇太極的陵墓。墓頂上那棵榆樹已經(jīng)有三百年了。

A：把陵墓保存得這么完整，證明你們對于保護文物古跡所做的工作，一貫很重視。我為這座陵園的景象所驚訝。

5.介紹北陵（5）

A：你愿意到公園各處去看看嗎？

B：好的。

A：每逢節(jié)日，公園里到處是游人。

B：到這里游園，我看是真不錯。

A：的確是這樣。不過，如果要知道過去的情況，你就不會這樣說了。日本帝國主義占領(lǐng)期間，這里蓋了一個狼狗圈，無辜的中國人被扔到圈里，叫狼狗活活地咬死。

B：太殘忍了！我想中國人民再也不會容忍這種事情重演了。