李海平 王曰鑫

（山西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué) 太谷 030801）

摘　要：腐植酸由于具有多種活性官能團(tuán)和特有的生理活性，在無(wú)公害蔬菜生產(chǎn)中有著特殊的作用。它可用于蔬菜育苗、蔬菜施肥、菜地土壤改良、防止菜田土壤惡化、土壤重金屬污染和減少蔬菜病蟲(chóng)害等多方面，對(duì)促進(jìn)蔬菜生長(zhǎng)、提高蔬菜品質(zhì)有一定作用。研究腐植酸對(duì)改善蔬菜品質(zhì)的作用機(jī)理，拓展腐植酸在無(wú)公害蔬菜生產(chǎn)中的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，對(duì)于發(fā)展綠色農(nóng)業(yè)和食品安全將有著重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。

關(guān)鍵詞：腐植酸 無(wú)公害蔬菜 食品安全

The Study of Effects of Humic Acid in Vegetable Production

Li Haiping, Wang Yuexin

(Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801)

Abstract: Humic acid had special roles in vegetable production because it had various active functional group and specific physiological activity. It was used in many aspects such as vegetable seedling, vegetable fertilization, soil improvement, preventing vegetable fields soil deteriorate,spreventing soil heavy metal pollution, reducing vegetable pests, stimulating vegetable growth, improving quality of vegetable. Studying humic acid mechanism in improving quality of vegetable and expanding application field in vegetable production had an reality important role for green agriculture and food safety.

Key words: humic acid; vegetable production; food safety

無(wú)公害蔬菜是嚴(yán)格按照無(wú)公害蔬菜生產(chǎn)安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和栽培技術(shù)生產(chǎn)的無(wú)污染、安全、優(yōu)質(zhì)、營(yíng)養(yǎng)型蔬菜，蔬菜中農(nóng)藥殘留、重金屬、硝酸鹽、亞硝酸鹽及其他對(duì)人體有毒、有害的物質(zhì)的含量控制在法定允許限量之內(nèi)，要符合有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定。在生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中，無(wú)公害蔬菜生產(chǎn)面臨著不少環(huán)境制約問(wèn)題，比如菜田土壤惡化、重金屬污染、土壤微生物失調(diào)、病蟲(chóng)害嚴(yán)重等。

腐植酸有多種活性官能團(tuán)，具有特有的生理活性，腐殖質(zhì)能夠改良土壤，對(duì)發(fā)展高產(chǎn)農(nóng)業(yè)、有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)有著重要作用。深入開(kāi)展腐植酸在無(wú)公害蔬菜生產(chǎn)施肥、育苗、促進(jìn)生長(zhǎng)、減少重金屬污染、提高產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的應(yīng)用研究將具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。