(三)國際政治專題傳譯練習(xí)

1．請完整聽一遍短文

An Address at Foreign Affairs University

Ladies and gentlemen，

The ties that bind our international order are stretched to breaking point by three linked challenges—food and fuel prices;climate change;and the quest to reach the Millennium Development Goals by the deadline of 2015．

Spiraling fuel costs threaten global growth and therefore our continued ability to lift the world's poor out of poverty．Each day，spiraling energy prices further accentuate divisions between the world's“haves”and“have-nots”．Similarly，climate change hurts us all，but it endangers the world's poor and vulnerable regions the most．The very peoplewho have contributed the least to this problem are being shouldered with the greatest burden．

The rising cost of food represents an even more immediate danger．Food scarcity has already resulted in worldwide riots．Unaddressed，it imperils civic order，community harmony and the most basic social contract between State and citizen．At the same time，rising malnutrition also exacerbates growing disparities in global healthcare systems which divide not only the rich from the poor，but also the healthy from the chronically sick．

In another age，it is possible that some of these trends—however deplorable—could have been contained．But our global age is different—it does not permit such separation．At a time of international travel and global pandemics，of integrated commodities markets and worldwide refugee flows，what happens in one part of the world affects all parts of the world．

China is no exception．You have all seen how climate change can lead to extreme and unpredictable weather events．Last year，you battled unprecedented rains and floods that washed away homes and took hundreds of lives．This year，floodwaters again threaten millions of people even as the nation mourns earthquake devastation in Sichuan．Earlier this year，an exceptional freeze paralyzed road and rail traffic just as millions of Chinese were trying to get home for the Lunar New Year celebrations．

The climate events reflect humanity's interconnectedness．They are also a warning．Because today's triple threat of energy，climate and food challenges affects us all．It represents the proverbial loose thread that could unravel our entire international order．

Every country stands to lose from such an unravelling．But leading nations，like China，that have most at stake in the international system stand to lose the most．A global economic slowdown would affect this country's manufacturing base．Continued climate change could deprive millions more of their homes．The global food crisis could result in grain shortages and social unrest．And the confluence of all three of these trends could destabilize the very international order that has facilitated China's progress．

And yet，I strongly believe that we are not fated to watch our world fall into permanent crises．We can renew the ties that bind our international order．We can do so by asserting our common interests，our common ideals and—above all—our common humanity．

(摘自潘基文2008年7月1日在北京外交學(xué)院的講話)

2．聽錄音，在停頓處開始傳譯

　The ties that bind our international order are stretched to breaking point by three linked challenges—food and fuel prices;climate change;and the quest to reach the Millennium Development Goals by the deadline of 2015．

　Spiraling fuel costs threaten global growth and therefore our continued ability to lift the world's poor out of poverty．Each day，spiraling energy prices further accentuate divisions between the world's“haves”and“have-nots”．

　But our global age is different—it does not permit such separation．At a time of international travel and global pandemics，of integrated commodities markets and worldwide refugee flows，what happens in one part of the world affects all parts of the world．

　A global economic slowdown would affect this country's manufacturing base．Continued climate change could deprive millions more of their homes．The global food crisis could result in grain shortages and social unrest．And the confluence of all three of these trends could destabilize the very international order that has facilitated China's progress．

　And yet，I strongly believe that we are not fated to watch our world fall into permanent crises．We can renew the ties that bind our international order．We can do so by asserting our common interests，our common ideals and—above all—our common humanity．

3．答題要點(diǎn)

　熟悉文本類型和相關(guān)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，加強(qiáng)對源語文本的理解。本文屬演講文本類型，其對象明確(為外交學(xué)院的各位師生)，主旨突出(呼吁大家共同努力、迎接挑戰(zhàn)、更新維系國際秩序的紐帶)，思路清晰，邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)(文本開始——提出維系國際秩序的紐帶受到三種危機(jī)的挑戰(zhàn)，文本發(fā)展——詳細(xì)說明三種危機(jī):能源、糧食及氣候變化對國家?guī)淼挠绊?，文本結(jié)尾——呼吁大家共同努力應(yīng)對危機(jī)、更新維系國際秩序的紐帶)，語言流暢，句式工整，善用修辭(如排比、重復(fù)、遞進(jìn)等)。

　掌握相關(guān)的知識(shí)與術(shù)語表達(dá)，如food and fuel prices(糧價(jià)和燃料價(jià)格)，climate change(氣候變化)，Millennium Development Goals(千年發(fā)展目標(biāo))，lift the world's poor out of poverty(協(xié)助世界上的窮人脫貧)，spiraling(螺旋式上升)，energy prices(能源價(jià)格)，global pandemics(全球流行病肆虐)，integrated commodities markets(商品市場一體化)，manufacturing base(制造業(yè)基礎(chǔ))，global food crisis(全球糧食危機(jī))，social unrest(社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩不安)等。

　傳譯時(shí)，語音應(yīng)清晰，語調(diào)應(yīng)自然，表達(dá)應(yīng)流暢，應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)控制聲音質(zhì)量，不要過尖、過高或過于低沉。

4．參考答案

在外交學(xué)院的演講

女士們，先生們:

維系著我們的國際秩序的紐帶正被三種相互關(guān)聯(lián)的挑戰(zhàn)繃得很緊，幾乎要斷裂了——這些挑戰(zhàn)就是糧價(jià)和燃料價(jià)格、氣候變化，以及努力爭取在2015年最后限期之前實(shí)現(xiàn)各項(xiàng)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)。

燃料不斷上升威脅到全球的增長，從而影響到我們有沒有能力繼續(xù)協(xié)助世界上的窮人脫貧。能源價(jià)格天天在螺旋式上升，使世界上“有”與“沒有”的人差距日益加大。氣候變化同樣對我們大家造成傷害，但對世界上的貧窮和弱勢地區(qū)的危害最大。對于這個(gè)問題，責(zé)任最小的人卻要挑起最重的擔(dān)子。

糧價(jià)飛漲造成更為直接的危害。糧荒已在世界各地釀成暴亂。如果不予處理，就會(huì)危及公民秩序和社會(huì)和諧，還會(huì)傷及國家與公民之間最基本的社會(huì)契約。與此同時(shí)，營養(yǎng)不良日益嚴(yán)重使得全球衛(wèi)生保健系統(tǒng)差別日益懸殊的情況更為惡化，它不僅區(qū)別貧與富，而且把健康的人和長期患病的人劃分開來。

在另一個(gè)年代里，或許若干這些趨勢——不管是多么令人遺憾的趨勢——都可能抑制得了。但我們所處的全球性年代是不一樣的——它不容許我們這樣區(qū)別劃分。在我們這個(gè)國際旅行風(fēng)行、全球流行病肆虐、商品市場一體化以及難民在全世界流動(dòng)的時(shí)代里，在世界上一個(gè)地方發(fā)生的事立即會(huì)影響到世界上所有其他地方。

當(dāng)然中國也不例外。大家都已經(jīng)看到，氣候變化可以為全國各地帶來極端和無法預(yù)測的氣候事件。去年，你們對抗了空前的暴雨和洪水，這些暴雨和洪水沖倒了不少家園，奪走了許多生命。今年，就在全中國都在為四川震災(zāi)傷心難過的時(shí)候，洪水又再次威脅著千百萬的人民。今年早些時(shí)候，正當(dāng)無數(shù)中國人在設(shè)法回家慶祝農(nóng)歷新年之時(shí)，一次極為嚴(yán)重的凍災(zāi)導(dǎo)致了公路和鐵路交通的癱瘓。

這些氣候事件反映出我們?nèi)祟愂窍⑾⑾嚓P(guān)的。這些事件也是一種警告。因?yàn)榻裉炷茉础夂蚝图Z食挑戰(zhàn)這三重威脅影響到我們每一個(gè)人。這就是眾所周知的，足以拆散我們整個(gè)國際秩序的那個(gè)松脫的線頭。

如果國際秩序就這樣垮了，每個(gè)國家都是輸家。不過，像中國這樣居于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位，與國際體系利害最為攸關(guān)的國家可能會(huì)輸?shù)米疃唷Ｈ绻蚪?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展減速，就會(huì)影響這個(gè)國家的制造業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。如果氣候變化持續(xù)，就會(huì)使更多數(shù)不盡的人失去家園。全球糧食危機(jī)會(huì)造成缺糧和社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩不安。所有這三個(gè)趨勢合在一起，就會(huì)破壞一直在推動(dòng)中國進(jìn)步的國際秩序。

可是，我堅(jiān)信，我們并不是注定要看到我們的世界在持續(xù)的危機(jī)下解體。我們可以更新維系我們國際秩序的紐帶。我們可以表明我們的共同利益、我們的共同理想，同時(shí)最重要的是，可以表明我們的人類共性。