密碼選項(xiàng)沒有四位數(shù)密碼
【2016·全國新課標(biāo)I】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Secret codes (密碼)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doingbusiness, especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Codebreaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science ofcreating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, thefirst letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meetme.”
38 You might represent each letter with anumber, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” wouldread “13 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read themessage of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example “bridge“might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out”would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, it is also hard to keep a codebook secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A.It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B.In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F.With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
【答案】36-40 D E G F A
【解析】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了密碼的設(shè)置和破解的方法。比如利用該字母表中排序的數(shù)字來代表字母,或者利用一些單詞的首字母來組成一個密碼等。
36.D考查對上下文的理解和判斷能力。后句內(nèi)容可以判斷該空應(yīng)該和密碼的破譯有關(guān),故判斷D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.符合語境邏輯,可以承接上下文。
37.E考查對上下文的理解和判斷能力。后面舉的例子是來證明人們設(shè)置密碼時(shí)往往會利用一些單詞的第一個字母來作為密碼,由此判斷E選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容符合語境邏輯。
38.G考查對上下文的理解和判斷能力。根據(jù)后面的解釋內(nèi)容可以判斷這是介紹密碼設(shè)置的又一種方法,故G選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容Another way to hide a message is to usesymbols to stand for specific lettersw of the alphabet.符合語境。
39.F考查對上下文的理解和判斷能力。根據(jù)后面的舉例以及前句中的acode book可以判斷該句是介紹密碼書的使用,故判斷F選Witha code book,you might write down words that would stand for other words.可以到承上啟下的作用。
40.A考查對上下文的理解和判斷能力。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容的轉(zhuǎn)折可知盡管利用密碼書可以破譯密碼,但是一本密碼書也不會使用很久的時(shí)間,故判斷A選項(xiàng)It is very hard to break a code without the code book.符合語境。
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