第三節(jié)　國際交流口譯

一、禮儀祝詞

1．常用口譯詞匯與短語

opening/closing ceremony　開幕式/閉幕式

making an opening speech　致開幕詞

goodwill visit　友好訪問

distinguished guests　貴賓

respected Mr．Mayor　尊敬的市長先生

friends coming from a distant land　遠(yuǎn)道而來的朋友

host country　東道國

on the occasion of　值此之際

take the opportunity　借此機會

on behalf of　代表

sincere/heartfelt thanks　由衷感謝

gracious hospitality　友好款待

extend warm welcome to　熱烈歡迎

best wishes　良好祝愿

look into the future　展望未來

in closing　最后

a complete success　圓滿成功

propose a toast to　提議為……干杯

Thank you so much for．．．in spite of the many claims on your time and attention．/in spite of your tight schedule．感謝您在百忙之中……

It is pleasure．And a lot of things might have done better．I’m glad you have enjoyed．．．不用謝，這是我們應(yīng)該做的，做得還很不夠。

This is a token of our appreciation．小小禮物，不成敬意。

2．口譯練習(xí)

Passage 1

Mr．Prime Minister and all the distinguished guests．//

On behalf of all the members of the delegation，I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks for your incomparable hospitality．I particularly want to pay tribute，not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner，but also to those who have provided the splendid music．Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land．//

Mr．Prime Minister，I wish to thank you for your very gracious and eloquent remarks．At this very moment，through the wonder of telecommunications，more people are seeing and hearing what we say than on any other such occasions in the whole history of the world．Yet what we say here will not be long remembered．What we do here can change the world．

Passage 2

President Gao，Ladies and Gentlemen，

It is a special honor to me to have a chance to speak on behalf of all the members of our delegation，I would like to express our sincere thanks to president Gao for inviting us，and for all the preparation you have made for our visit．We are also grateful for such a marvelous dinner．//

I hope that we shall all enjoy the business exchanges and friendly contact in the following days．Every member of our delegation hopes that the rate of trade between the two countries will increase in the future through our mutual efforts．And I think that only by free flow of visitors can trade develop satisfactorily．Of course no one would be foolish as to think that just one visit will work wonders．//

Passage 3

尊敬的理查德董事長先生，

尊敬和貴賓們、朋友們、同志://

理查德董事長先生與我們合資建廠已經(jīng)兩年了，今天他親臨我廠對生產(chǎn)技術(shù)和經(jīng)營管理進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，我們向理查德董事長先生表示熱烈的歡迎!//

我們感到高興的是，兩年來，我們雙方合資建廠、生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營管理中的友好關(guān)系一直穩(wěn)步向前發(fā)展。//我應(yīng)當(dāng)滿意地指出，我們的友好關(guān)系能順利發(fā)展，是與我們雙方嚴(yán)格遵守合同和協(xié)議、互相尊重和平等協(xié)商分不開的，也是我們雙方共同努力的結(jié)果。//我相信，通過董事長先生親臨我廠進(jìn)行指導(dǎo)，能進(jìn)一步加深我們雙方的互相了解和信任，將更進(jìn)一步增進(jìn)我們雙方合作關(guān)系的發(fā)展，使我廠更加興旺發(fā)達(dá)。//

最后，讓我們以熱烈的掌聲，向董事長表示歡迎。//

二、國際會展

1．常用口譯詞匯與短語

world expo logo　世博會徽

theme　主題

mascot　吉祥物

trade show　商展

register/sign up　報名

reserve a spot/booth　預(yù)訂一個攤位

cancel the registration　取消報名

make sale　達(dá)成交易

2．口譯練習(xí)

passage 1

2010年世博會將在中國上海舉行，它是一次沿襲國際貿(mào)易展覽會偉大傳統(tǒng)的世界性博覽會，博覽會的主題是“城市――生活更美好。”預(yù)示著上海在21世紀(jì)作為一個主要經(jīng)濟及文化中心的新地位。//人們預(yù)測，就總?cè)藬?shù)而言，這將是世界博覽會史上參觀人數(shù)最多的一次，但要在人口與參觀者比率上趕上1967年蒙特利爾世博會還有難度，當(dāng)時加拿大總?cè)丝谥挥?千萬，而出席博覽會的人則達(dá)5千萬。//博覽會暫時定在2010年5月1日至10月31日期間舉行，2010上海世博會一大特點是將在世博史上第一次開通被稱為“上海世博在線”的先進(jìn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)版世博。//

Passage 2

Today，world expositions are the third largest event in the world in terms of economic and cultural impact，after the FIFA World Cup and the Olympic Games．They have been organized for more than one and a half centuries－longer than both the(modern)Olympic Games and the World Cup．//The first Expo was held in The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park，London，in 1851 under the title“Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations”．//

Passage 3

The“Great Exhibition”as it is often called was an idea of Prince Albert，Queen Victoria’s husband，and was the first international exhibition of manufactured products．//As such，it influenced the development of several aspects of society including art and design education，international trade and relations，and even tourism．Also，it was the precedent for the many international exhibitions，later called“World’s Fairs”，which were subsequently held to the present day．//

Passage 4

For Volkswagen，the Auto China 200 is the most important automotive event in China．We have prepared ourselves with the same attention to quality and design that goes into our vehicles．Theme of this year’s exhibition is:“Volkswagen－Excellence Always Beyond Your Expectations．”But firstly，some words about the Volkswagen Group in general．//

The Volkswagen Group is one of the world’s fastest growing car manufacturers．This year，the Volkswagen Group has been able to continue the upward trend．From January to April，Sales totaled 1．7 million vehicles．This is a 3%increase compared to last year，and a new record for the period．The group’s current share of the world passenger car market equals to 11．7%．//

Passage 5

北京工美集團是以生產(chǎn)工藝美術(shù)品為主，融科研、生產(chǎn)、經(jīng)營、教育、出版于一體的多元化經(jīng)濟聯(lián)合體。集團擁有工商企業(yè)50余家，合資企業(yè)31家，駐外貿(mào)易機構(gòu)一個，開展“三來一補”業(yè)務(wù)。特藝、地毯等50多種產(chǎn)品獲國際和國內(nèi)大獎，自營進(jìn)口商品60大類上萬個品種花色，銷往世界五大洲130多個國家和地區(qū)。//

北京工美集團的宗旨是讓世界更美好。//

Passage 6

主席先生，各位來賓，女士們、先生們://

今天，國際商會第32屆世界大會在上海隆重開幕，我代表中國政府和中國人民，向遠(yuǎn)道而來的各國商界代表、向各位來賓表示熱烈的歡迎，并預(yù)祝大會獲得圓滿的成功!//

國際商會已具有78年的悠久歷史，在140個國家和地區(qū)擁有會員，是一個重要的世界性經(jīng)貿(mào)組織。它在推動國際貿(mào)易、經(jīng)濟合作、資本流通方面所發(fā)揮的重要作用，以及它所具有的廣泛性和務(wù)實性受到國際社會的高度評價。選擇上海這座充滿生機和活力的城市舉行年會，充分表達(dá)了國際商會對中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重視，也說明具有遠(yuǎn)見卓識的國際商界對發(fā)展前景廣闊的中國充滿了巨大興趣。我相信在與會商界人士和政府官員的共同努力下，會議在交流經(jīng)驗、開展合作方面一定會取得令人滿意的成果。//

三、國際會議

1．常用口譯詞匯與短語

rostrum　講臺

public gallery　旁聽席

notice board　布告牌

procedure　程序

constitution，statutes　章程

to ask for the floor　要求發(fā)言

to give the floor to　同意……發(fā)言

first draft，preliminary draft　草案初稿

resolution　決議

an ordinary meeting　例會

forum　論壇

welcome meeting　歡迎會

seminar/symposium　專題討論會

memorandum　備忘錄

to adjourn the meeting，to close the meeting　散會

operative part　生效部分

call to order　要求遵守秩序

in favor　贊成

against　反對

abstain　棄權(quán)

dues　會費

2．口譯練習(xí)

Passage 1

女士們，先生們，

中國經(jīng)過26年的改革開放，走出了一條適合自己國情的發(fā)展道路，經(jīng)濟持續(xù)快速增長，綜合國力不斷增強，人民生活水平明顯提高。//同時，我們也清醒地看到，雖然中國經(jīng)濟總量增大，但中國人口多，人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值在世界仍排在100位以后，還有幾千萬貧困人口，地區(qū)發(fā)展不平衡，資源約束和環(huán)境壓力大，在發(fā)展的道路上面臨著不少矛盾和問題。//

Passage 2

自從工業(yè)革命以來，發(fā)達(dá)國家在工業(yè)化的過程中一直不顧后果地開發(fā)利用環(huán)境。我們今天面臨的環(huán)境問題主要是這種行為造成的后果。發(fā)達(dá)國家仍然是世界有限資源的主要消費者，也是世界污染物的主要來源。//因此國際環(huán)境合作必須建立在共同承擔(dān)，但責(zé)任有別這一原則上。發(fā)達(dá)國家不但應(yīng)帶頭采取措施保護環(huán)境，而且應(yīng)從兩方面對國際合作做出更多貢獻(xiàn)。//第一，發(fā)達(dá)國家應(yīng)為發(fā)展中國家提供新的追加資金使他們能更有效地參與國際環(huán)境合作或補償發(fā)展中國家在履行義務(wù)時受到的經(jīng)濟損失。第二，發(fā)達(dá)國家應(yīng)該以不帶營利性質(zhì)的優(yōu)惠條件為發(fā)展中國家提供必要的環(huán)境保護技術(shù)。//

Passage 3

One year ago，when I spoke before this Assembly there was little reason for optimism or satisfaction．The international situation today merits an even less positive assessment．We are living in a world of regional conflicts threatened by an uncontrolled arms race，by economic disruptions，increasing poverty in developing countries and steadily deteriorating environmental conditions．Wherever we look，we face human suffering，misery and lack of freedom．//

Efforts to eliminate the imbalances in the international economic system have，thus far not been very successful．Poor states continue to become poorer and rich states richer．New and renewed endeavors will be required in order to overcome the persisting problems of the world economy，especially those affecting the more disadvantaged countries．//

Passage 4

My country certainly has its share of problems，no question about that．And we have our faults．Like most nations，we＇re on a long journey toward achieving our own ideal of equality and justice．Yet there＇s reason our nation shines as a beacon of hope and opportunity，a reason many throughout the world dream of coming to America．//It＇s because we＇re a free nation．Where men and women have the opportunity to achieve their dreams．No matter your background or your circumstance of birth，in America you can get a good education，you can start your own business，you can raise a family，you can worship freely and help elect the leaders of your community and your country．You can support the policies of our government or you＇re free to openly disagree with them．//Those who fear freedom sometimes argue it could lead to chaos．But it does not．Because freedom means more than every man for himself．Liberty gives our citizens many rights，yet expects them to exercise important responsibility．//

四、學(xué)術(shù)會議

1．常用口譯詞匯與短語

short abstract　短文摘要

abstracts volume　論文摘要集

summary of the presentation　發(fā)言提綱

manuscript of the paper　報告手稿

academic title　職稱

name badge　代表證

central theme　中心主題

deliver a paper　提交論文

doctoral dissertation　博士論文

film projector　放映機

deadline　截止日期

keynote address　主題發(fā)言

solicited paper　征文

seminar　討論會

lecture　講座

workshop　研討會

2．口譯練習(xí)

passage 1

In all human communication，information is transferred from one person＇s memory to another．No matter how the message is sent，it must arrive in a form that can be understood，retained，and later recalled by the brain．How do these three memory processes function?Before answering this question，we need to consider the fact that there are two kinds of memory:short-term and long-term memory．Psychologists know a great deal about the former kind of memory，but they know very little about the latter kind．//

Your short-term memory can hold only five to seven“bits”or items of information such as five numbers，six words，or seven syllables．However，unless you repeat that information to yourself over and over again，you will forget it in less than a minute．This temporary memory is used when you try to remember a name or tele-phone number that someone told you a moment ago．Short-term memory plays an important part in thinking and understanding．//

Passage 2

Today I＇d like to address the topic of ecosystem and its relation to the state of equilibrium．

An ecosystem exists in a state of equilibrium．It can support a certain number of plants and animals of different species．When the population of one animal increases，there will be a change in their ecosystem．For example，there will not be enough food and water for all the animals．Consequently，some will die．The system will return to its state of equilibrium．

Passage 3

女士們，先生們，請注意啦。今天全體會議的議程總題目是“技術(shù)，環(huán)境和人類”，大會分成兩組，第一組談控制空氣污染的進(jìn)展，第二組談空氣污染對人類肌體的影響。我們將大體上探討同樣的課題，但是從不同的方面來談。首先，我們將討論現(xiàn)狀。繼續(xù)討論能采取哪些措施，來改進(jìn)這種現(xiàn)狀。//現(xiàn)在，在第一次全體大會上，我們一開始將探討空氣污染和過早死亡之間的關(guān)系，這個課題將由大會的一位發(fā)言人介紹。//

女士們，先生們，我十分高興地介紹林天教授，他在這一領(lǐng)域?qū)戇^許多學(xué)術(shù)文章，并且積極支持國際清潔空氣協(xié)會的工作，因而聲譽卓著。今天林教授報告的題目是:“二氧化硫(sulphur dioxide)引起的污染對健康的影響”。林教授，有請!//

Passage 4

有些研究所專門研究人類是如何學(xué)習(xí)的，這些研究所的心理學(xué)家都做過一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試驗，來測試短期記憶的容量。受試者都坐在小隔間內(nèi)，戴上耳機，看面前閃亮的小電視屏幕。一串?dāng)?shù)字在屏幕上閃現(xiàn)，受試者被要求辨認(rèn)在這串?dāng)?shù)字中某一數(shù)字右面的另一個具體數(shù)字。//心理學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)數(shù)字系列在屏幕上閃現(xiàn)以后立刻提問時，受試者都回答得很好;數(shù)字系列作為“記憶形象”，可以很容易地被記住。如果提問時間哪怕延遲半秒鐘，記憶形象就會逐漸消退，其精確度也會大為降低。如果發(fā)生某種干擾，妨礙受試者搜尋特定的數(shù)字時，受試者還會很快地忘掉數(shù)字系列。//

五、采訪與會談

1．常用口譯詞匯與短語

interviewer　采訪人

interviewee　被采訪人

free-lancer　自由撰稿

columnist　專欄作家

commentator　評論員

reporter/correspondent/journalist　記者

exclusive　獨家新聞

Public opinion　輿論

press conference　記者招待會

2．口譯實踐

Passage 1

學(xué)生:總統(tǒng)先生，我是清華大學(xué)經(jīng)濟管理學(xué)院的學(xué)生，歡迎您這次來訪，感謝您剛才精彩的演講。//我們可以預(yù)見到，中美兩國的學(xué)術(shù)文化交流活動前景是非常廣闊的，那么剛才在您精彩的演講當(dāng)中，我也看得出來，您對我們清華大學(xué)給予了很高的評價。那么現(xiàn)在我的問題就是，如果將來您的兩個寶貝女兒有機會繼續(xù)深造的話，您愿意讓您的女兒來我們清華大學(xué)嗎?//

BUSH:I’m afraid they don’t listen to me any more，if you know what I mean。Let me，first of all，I hope they come here．It is an amazing country．You know，as I said，I was here in 1975．It is hard for me to describe the difference;it is an amazing transformation．I first saw that in Shanghai earlier this fall－or last fall．And they would benefit from coming here，as would a lot of other United States students．//I think our student exchange program is very important．I think our nation must be welcoming to Chinese students who would like to go study in America．I think that would benefit the students．But as importantly it would benefit American students．//

Passage 2

Q:您是怎樣成為聯(lián)合國難民署的親善大使的?//

I started to travel and realized there was so much I was unaware of．There were many things I hadn＇t been taught in school and daily global events I was not hearing about in the news．So I wanted to understand．//I believe in what the UN has always stood for－equality and the protection of human rights for all people．So I read many books．When I read about the 20 million people under the care of UNHCR I wanted to understand how in this day and age that many people could be displaced．//

Q:在您任大使的前幾個月里，使您感到最震驚的是什么?//

The extreme imbalance of wealth and resources in the world．More than 35 million people in the world today have been forced to run for their lives，and are either temporarily or permanently exiled from their homes．Half of them are children。Roughly 20 million fall under the auspices of the UNHCR and are currently receiving assistance from the agency．//Around 12 million live in refugee camps，fleeing persecution，armed conflict，and murder，rape，and mutilation．The smaller camps of 200 to 300 people in many cases are essentially whole villages that have fled together．Larger camps can the size of small cities．//

Q:您能描述一下那里的情景嗎?//

Some of the camps have hundreds of thousand people in horrible living conditions．One of the biggest problems is food distribution．Food is distributed in the camps every two weeks，but sometimes due to funding levels，food rations are cut．In some camps people are living on rations that provided only 60 to 80 percent of their daily nutritional needs．//