Summer Palace(頤和園)

Ladies and Gentlemen，

Good morning! Now we are at the Summer Palace.Welcome here and I sincerely hope that all of you will have a good time here.

Long Corridor and Marble Boat

This is the famous Long Corridor.You can see that there are hundreds of buildings on the Longevity Hill.However，they are in a very good order.Why? One of the main reasons is that the Long Corridor has connected the hill with the water，linking all the buildings together and making them into a complete whole.

The Long Corridor was built in 1750 during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.It was destroyed in 1860 and rebuilt during Emperor Guangxu's reign.In the building of Chinese palaces，the corridor is a subordinate building which links up all the major buildings.It is also a place for taking a rest which protects people from wind，rain or sunshine.The corridor in front of Longevity Hill is728meters long.If you take the space between two pillars as one room，there are 273 rooms along the corridor.It is famous for its unique architectural style and colorful paintings.It is called the Long Corridor.It has already been listed into the Guinness Book of Records as the longest corridor in the world.You can imagine what a landscape and how pleasant it is when you take a walk along the corridor during the rain with the green hill in the north and blue water in the south.

With the Hall of Dispersing Clouds as the center，the corridor winds its way from the Gate of Inviting Moon in the east to the Shizhang Pavilion in the west.When you walk into the corridor from the Gate of Inviting Moon，you will see at once a corridor without end.In some sections，it is very straight，while in others，it winds and twists.There are four pavilions along the Corridor which symbolize spring，summer，autumn and winter.There is an opened veranda in the eastern and western part of the corridor respectively.The base and body of the corridor goes up and down following the terrain of the southern foot of the Longevity Hill.Four octagonal pavilions are the connecting points of the high and low terrain as well as at changes of direction.Because of its unique design and utilization of the scenery along the two sides to divert people's attention，you can hardly feel the ups and downs and its twisting trend.The Long Corridor is really a magnificent masterpiece in the ancient Chinese palaces and gardens.

This is the Marble Boat.Built in 1755，the whole boat was made of marble stone.It is36meters long.Emperor Qianlong had very clear intentions when he ordered this boat to be built.He adopted the words used by Prime Minister Wei Zheng of the Tang Dynasty when he told the Tang Dynasty Emperor to work hard.The words read“water can carry the boat and the boat can also be overturned by water.”The building of the boat symbolized at the same time that the reign of Emperor Qianlong was as stable as the Marble Boat and it could never be overturned nomatter how strong the wind and waves were.However，the corrupt rule of the Qing Dynasty could not exist as long as the Marble Boat.This was the only“boat”left after the Northern Navy was defeated.It never moved.

The cabin of the Marble Boat was first built in the Chinese style.After it was burned in 1860，it was rebuilt in Western style in 1893.In 1903，one floor of western style and wooden structure was added by Empress Dowager Cixi with windows glassed in five colors.Big mirrors were placed both downstairs and upstairs which could reflect ripples on the lake surface.If visitors sit in front of the mirror，you would feel like floating on the lake.Hence the Empress Dowager Cixi very much liked to sit there to drink tea and enjoy the scenery.

There are four dragon heads in the body of the boat stretching outward.When it rains，the water on top of the cabin would fall into the dragon mouth through the four-cornered hollow pillar.Architects call this kind of drainage design an internal drainage in architecture.

This was originally a platform where captive animals were set free in the Yuan Dynasty.After it was changed into the shape of a boat，on April 8^th each year in lunar calendar，Emperor Qianlong would accompany his mother to set captive animals free here.

Garden of Harmonious Interest

Ladies and gentlemen，we are now going to visit the next place，the Garden of Harmonious Interest.The Garden of Harmonious Interest is located in the northeastern part of the Summer Palace at the foot of the east side of the back hill.Built in 1751，itwas originally called the Garden of Huishan.It is not only a garden within the Summer Place，but also takes in all the beauty and uniqueness of the gardens in southern China.Therefore，it is called the Real Garden of Harmonious Interest.

When Emperor Qianlong toured south China for the first time in 1751，he visited the Jichang Garden in the city of Wuxi.His grandfather Emperor Kangxi also paid a visit there during his trip to the south.The name of the Jichang Garden was autographed by his grandfather.Emperor Qianlong liked the Garden very much.He asked somebody to make a painting of it and bring it back to Beijing.He had an identical garden built in the Summer Palace and named it the Garden of Huishan.Emperor Qianlong wrote a poem which read“One pavilion one road，one step one scene.The scene changes with step moves.Uniqueness and interests are found everywhere.”The Garden was rebuilt in 1811 and the name was changed into the Garden of Harmonious Interest.It was burned down by the British and French Allied Forces in 1860 and rebuilt in 1893.

There are altogether 13 pavilions，terraces and rooms connected by 100 verandas and 5 bridges in different designs.In the center of the garden lies a pond skirted by a ring of halls and pavilions.In the northwest part of the garden，there is a mountain spring falling down in the shade of bamboo grove.The spring is formed by the water in the back lake，which falls down because of the natural terrain.This special scene has revitalized the scenery of gardens in south China.The main building in the garden is the Hall of Hanyuan，which was built with sandalwood.It was the place for Empress Dowager Cixi to relax when she was going sightseeing and angling in the Garden.She usually took a nap here in the hall after she enjoyed a performance at the Grand Stage.There is a stone bridge at southeast corner.It is the famous“Know-the-Fish Bridge”.The bridge is quite low and close to the water surface.It is an ideal place for people to enjoy fish and go angling.

Some people believe that there are eight interests in the Garden of Harmonious Interest.They are interest of seasons，interest of water，interest of bridges，interest of books，interest of building，interest of paintings，interest of verandas，and interest of imitation.

The interest of seasons refers to the garden's different scenes during different seasons.In spring breezes blowing over willows create ripples on the lake's surface.In summer lotus flowers bloom and their fragrance is wafted through the garden.In autumn the blowing willows are reflected in water.And in winter snow covers the pavilions and verandas like a thin silk cloth.

The interest of water refers to the water from a mountain spring that pours into the lotus pond.The source of the spring comes from the east end of Kunming Lake's back end.The main reason the garden is built on such a low terrain is to create this mountain spring，so as to form a drop of 1 to 2 meters between the water surface of the garden and water surface of the lake.With the 1 to 2 meters water drop and the piling-up of mountain stones，it is divided into9 levels which make the water sound like playing a musical instrument.This is why visitors can find a huge stone lying by the spring on which there are three engraved words“Jade Zither Gorge”.

The in terest of bridges refers to the garden's five bridges which were designed in different styles.Some of the bridges are connected with the road on one end and with the veranda on the other end.Some face the water on one end and lean against the veranda on the other end.The most famous bridge is the“Know-the-Fish Bridge”.It was told that there were two ancient philosophers of different schools Zhuang Zi and Hui Zi who were one day watching the fish together.Zhuang Zi said:“The fish are swimming happily”.Then，Hui Zi said:“You are not fish，how do you know that they are happy?”Zhuang Zi replied:“You are notme，how do you know that I do not know the fish are happy?”In those years，Empress Dowager Cixi liked angling in the Garden of Harmonious Interest.The pavilion on the water was the place for her to go angling.It is said that when Empress Dowager Cixi went angling here，in order to please her，the eunuch would dive into the water with fish alive.When she put down the hook，the eunuch would hang the fish onto the hook.Therefore，her fishing rod could never be empty.

The interest of books refers to the calligraphy in the Garden.

The interest of building refers to the building in the Garden.If visitors look at the building's interior，they will see that it has two stories.If visitors look at it from outside，it has only one story.

The interest of paintings refers to the colored paintings of Su style in the verandas of the Garden.And the beauty of the paintings could match that of the Long Corridor.There are more than 100 paintings on the buildings of the Garden.There are paintings of mountains and rivers as well as paintings of figures.

The interest of verandas refers to the four pavilions along the pond which have been linked up as a whole by the twisted corridor.The buildings，pavilions and verandas are linked up together by the twisted corridor.Compared with the Long Corridor，it is also very charming and interesting.

The interest of imitation refers to the Garden of Harmonious Interest is a garden within the garden of the Summer Palace.It was built in a very unique style as it imitated the Jichang Private Garden.In addition to being magnificent and dignified，it is very peaceful and elegant.

This is the end of our visit to the Garden of Harmonious Interest.Thank you for your cooperation.

各位游客大家好!

現(xiàn)在我們所在的地方就是頤和園。歡迎大家來(lái)頤和園游玩，我真誠(chéng)地希望您在這里玩得開心。

長(zhǎng)廊和石舫

我們現(xiàn)在看到的就是著名的長(zhǎng)廊。不知大家注意到?jīng)]有，在北側(cè)的萬(wàn)壽山上有一百多處建筑，但卻無(wú)雜亂之感。為什么呢?其中一個(gè)主要原因是因有長(zhǎng)廊這條彩帶，既銜接了山水，又把各處建筑物有機(jī)地串聯(lián)起來(lái)，構(gòu)成了一個(gè)整體。

長(zhǎng)廊始建于乾隆十五年，也就是1750年，1860年被毀，光緒時(shí)重建。在中國(guó)的庭園建筑中，走廊是聯(lián)系各主要建筑物的一種附屬建筑，有擋風(fēng)雨蔽日曬和裝飾的作用。由于萬(wàn)壽山前的這條走廊特別長(zhǎng)，有728米，如果把兩根柱子之間的一塊地方稱為一間的話，這條走廊共有273間。因此人們都稱之為“長(zhǎng)廊”。長(zhǎng)廊已列入“吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄大全”，稱為世界最長(zhǎng)的長(zhǎng)廊。大家可以想象，北為青山，南為綠水，細(xì)雨霏霏之時(shí)，游走于長(zhǎng)廊之間該多么愜意呀。

長(zhǎng)廊以排云殿為中心。向東、西延伸，東起邀月門，西止石丈亭。當(dāng)人們走進(jìn)長(zhǎng)廊東端的邀月門就進(jìn)入了一個(gè)一眼看不到盡頭的走廊。有的地段直得像一條線，有時(shí)又曲折回轉(zhuǎn)，宛如畫境。從東往西，其間點(diǎn)綴著留佳、寄瀾、秋水、滑迢四個(gè)亭子，象征春、夏、秋、冬四季。長(zhǎng)廊的東西兩部，各有一座臨水敞軒，它們是對(duì)鷗舫和魚藻軒。長(zhǎng)廊的地基和廊身隨萬(wàn)壽山南麓的地勢(shì)高低起伏，四座八角亭是高低和變向的連接點(diǎn)。由于處理巧妙，利用左右的借景而轉(zhuǎn)移了人們的視線。所以游長(zhǎng)廊時(shí)并不感覺到地勢(shì)不平、走向曲折。長(zhǎng)廊不愧是我國(guó)古典園林建筑中的藝術(shù)杰作。

［在石舫］現(xiàn)在大家看到的這個(gè)大船就是石舫，公元1755年建，船體全部用大理石制作，通長(zhǎng)36米。乾隆對(duì)建造這座石舫是有用意的。他引用唐朝魏征告誡唐太宗“水能載舟，亦能覆舟”的典故，勉勵(lì)自己勵(lì)精圖治，同時(shí)也象征他的統(tǒng)治像石舫一樣堅(jiān)固，任憑風(fēng)吹浪打，而無(wú)覆舟之虞。但是清王朝的腐朽統(tǒng)治不可能與這石舫共存。這也是北洋水師作戰(zhàn)失利后留下的唯一一條“船”，一條不動(dòng)的船。

石舫原有中式艙樓，1860年被燒毀后，又于光緒十九年(公元1893年)改建成洋式艙樓，并在船體兩側(cè)加上兩個(gè)機(jī)輪。取“河清海晏”之意，名清晏舫。1903年，慈禧又加蓋了一層洋式層樓(木質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu))，窗上嵌著五色琉璃，上下樓各有大鏡子一塊，可以反射湖里的波紋，坐在鏡子前面有在湖中飄蕩之感。慈禧時(shí)常在上邊飲茶作樂(lè)，觀賞湖山景色。

石舫船體上有四個(gè)龍頭突出在外，下雨時(shí)，艙樓頂部的雨水通過(guò)四角空心栓流進(jìn)龍口吐出水來(lái)，這種排水設(shè)計(jì)在建筑上稱內(nèi)排水。

此處原是明代圓靜寺的放生臺(tái)，乾隆時(shí)改為船形后，每年四月初八浴佛日，乾隆皇帝陪其生母孝圣皇太后在此放生。

諧趣園(園中園)

朋友們，現(xiàn)在我們?nèi)⒂^下一個(gè)景點(diǎn)--諧趣園。諧趣園在頤和園東北端，后山東側(cè)山腳之下，建于乾隆十六年(公元1751年)，原名惠山園。諧趣園是頤和園的園中之園，它內(nèi)涵了江南園林的全部秀美特色，故又被稱為“諧趣真園”。

乾隆皇帝1751年第一次下江南時(shí)，曾到無(wú)錫寄暢園游覽。乾隆的祖父康熙皇帝南巡時(shí)，也曾去那里游覽過(guò)，并且用御筆題寫了“寄暢園”三字。乾隆非常喜歡這所庭園，就命人繪了圖樣帶回北京，在清漪園(頤和園前身)照樣仿建，并命名為惠山園。根據(jù)乾隆詩(shī)序:“一亭一徑、一步一景、景隨步移、步步皆奇趣”，嘉慶十六年(公元1811年)該園重修，改名諧趣園。咸豐十年(公元1860年)該園被英法聯(lián)軍燒毀，光緒十八年(公元1892年)重建。

諧趣園內(nèi)共有亭、臺(tái)、堂、榭13處，并用百間游廊和5座形式不同的橋相溝通。園中所有建筑都圍繞中間的水池展開，循廊前進(jìn)，一步一景。

園內(nèi)西北角的玉琴峽，利用天然地勢(shì)形成的落差，引來(lái)后湖之水，造就一道山泉，瀉出于綠竹之間。這種小橋流水的景致，再現(xiàn)了江南園林的特色。園內(nèi)主體建筑涵遠(yuǎn)堂，所用木材全部是檀香木，是慈禧太后在諧趣園內(nèi)的便殿，供她游覽、釣魚時(shí)休息之用。慈禧在大戲臺(tái)看戲后，就在此午睡。東南角有一座石橋，橋頭石舫上寫著“知魚橋”，最負(fù)盛名。橋面低平近水，是觀魚、垂釣的好地方。

諧趣園的特色有人概括為八趣，即時(shí)趣、水趣、橋趣、書趣、樓趣、畫趣、廊趣、仿趣。

時(shí)趣是指諧趣園在四季中的不同景色。春天，微風(fēng)吹柳，水波粼粼;夏天，荷花開放，滿園飄香;秋天，水榭楊柳，倒映水中;冬天，雪蓋廊亭，銀裝素裹。

水趣是因?yàn)橛猩饺⑷牒沙?，這道山泉的水源，來(lái)自昆明湖的后湖東端。諧趣園取如此低洼的地勢(shì)，主要就是為了形成這道山泉，使諧趣園的水面與湖的水面形成一二米的落差，而在一二米的落差中，又運(yùn)用山石的堆疊，分成九個(gè)層次，使川流不息的水聲高低揚(yáng)抑，猶如琴韻，所以橫臥在泉邊的一塊巨石上，刻有“玉琴峽”三個(gè)字，是為水趣。

橋趣是因?yàn)閳@中有橋五座，風(fēng)格各異，有的一端連路一端連廊，有的一側(cè)臨水一側(cè)靠廊，有的一側(cè)有橋欄望柱，而一側(cè)蕩然水上……其中最著名的為“知魚橋”。橋名取《秋水·濠上》中莊子和惠子相互辯論的故事。相傳這兩位不同哲學(xué)學(xué)派的代表人物，在水邊共同觀魚。莊子說(shuō):“魚兒在水中游得很快樂(lè)?！被葑诱f(shuō):“你不是魚，怎么知道魚快樂(lè)?！鼻f子反問(wèn)說(shuō):“你不是我，怎么知道我不知道魚快樂(lè)?”當(dāng)年，慈禧喜歡在諧趣園中釣魚。凌駕在水上的綠水榭，便是慈禧最愛下鉤之處，傳說(shuō)，每逢她來(lái)這里釣魚，太監(jiān)為了討她的歡喜，便帶著活魚先行潛入水中，慈禧一下鉤，太監(jiān)便將魚掛在釣上，于是她總是提竿不空。

書趣是因?yàn)閳@中書法墨寶隨處可見。

樓趣是指園內(nèi)西部有一座矚新樓，這座樓從園內(nèi)側(cè)看是兩層，若從外側(cè)看，卻只有一層。

畫趣是因?yàn)閳@中游廊的蘇式彩畫可與長(zhǎng)廊媲美。園內(nèi)建筑上有百余幅繪畫，有山水畫和人物畫等。

廊趣是因曲折的走廊將沿池的四座名亭連為一體，樓堂亭榭以曲廊相連，三步一回，五步一折，與長(zhǎng)廊相比，另有情趣。

仿趣是因?yàn)橹C趣園是頤和園的園中之園，應(yīng)是典型的皇家園林。但該園的造園手法別具一格，仿造的是寄暢園私家園林，在金碧輝煌、端莊肅穆中，獨(dú)顯其靜雅清幽。

今天諧趣園就游覽到此，謝謝大家。