兒童期垂體瘤比較少見(jiàn)，不同國(guó)家報(bào)道的發(fā)病率沒(méi)有明顯差別，占所有兒童期顱內(nèi)腫瘤的1.1%左右。小兒垂體瘤患者通常在兒童時(shí)期即有癥狀，但大多數(shù)手術(shù)是在青少年時(shí)做的。在兒童期，促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素細(xì)胞腺瘤和催乳素腺瘤是最常見(jiàn)的類(lèi)型（在青春期前以促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素細(xì)胞腺瘤為多見(jiàn)，而在青春期或青春期以后則以催乳素腺瘤為多見(jiàn)），非功能性腺瘤非常少見(jiàn)。相對(duì)于成年人，促甲狀腺素細(xì)胞腺瘤在兒童中非常少見(jiàn)。

組織學(xué)檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分腫瘤具有多種激素免疫陽(yáng)性。有報(bào)道10%的多激素腺瘤在兒童期或青少年期進(jìn)行手術(shù)。有人認(rèn)為兒童期垂體瘤比成年人垂體瘤更具局部浸潤(rùn)性或攻擊性，但也有人否認(rèn)這種觀點(diǎn)。

（劉相名　惠國(guó)楨）

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