3.8.6　英語被動與漢語主動

英語多被動，漢語多主動。中國人習慣于本體思維，把觀察與敘述的視點放在動作的發(fā)生者上，并以動作發(fā)生者作為句子的主語，因此漢語中主動語態(tài)使用頻繁。西方人習慣于客體思維方式，常把觀察與敘述的視點放在動作、行為的結(jié)果或承受者上，并以此作為句子的主語，因此英語中被動語態(tài)的使用相當廣泛。

1)It has been mentioned that Rebecca，soon after her arrival in Paris，took a very smart and leading position in the society of that capital，and was welcomed at some of the most distinguished houses of the restored French nobility．(W.M．Thackeray，Vanity Fair)

我曾經(jīng)說過，麗貝卡一到了法國首都巴黎，便出入上流社會，追逐時髦，出盡風頭，連好些光復后的王親國戚都和她來往。

2)This magazine is devoted to economics．

這個雜志專登經(jīng)濟方面的文章。

3)在加大對農(nóng)林水利、鐵路、公路、通信、環(huán)保、城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)投入的同時，增加對糧庫、農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)、城市經(jīng)濟適用住房和生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)的投資。

While increasing investment in farming，forestry，water conservancy，railways，highways，telecommunications，environmental protection and urban infrastructure，additional funds were made available for construction of grain depots，rural power grid，urban economic housing，and the environment．