7.3　經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易類新聞

我國改革開放的不斷深入以及綜合國力的不斷提高帶來了更加繁榮的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和更加活躍的貿(mào)易業(yè)務(wù)。此類新聞近年來在我國的新聞報道占據(jù)比較突出的位置，就具體主題和內(nèi)容而言，有對某地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)全局的綜述，也有關(guān)于某行業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的報道，有某一階段的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展總結(jié)，也有對外貿(mào)易的階段性概述。此類新聞稿件的翻譯有較為明顯的共性，已經(jīng)形成一定的規(guī)律。標(biāo)題翻譯既有比較對應(yīng)的直譯，也有根據(jù)新聞主題重新改寫之后再翻譯，譯文自然必須符合英語新聞的文體特點。導(dǎo)語翻譯則傾向于根據(jù)英語新聞的特點對原文進(jìn)行重組之后翻譯。此類新聞稿件的最突出表現(xiàn)就是數(shù)字和百分比很多，翻譯時如何處理頗有講究。

就譯文語言表達(dá)而言，此類新聞報道的翻譯有如下一些特點:

1)表示經(jīng)濟(jì)保持良好發(fā)展勢頭，多用witness/see/maintain/keep momentum/fast/rapid growth這樣的表達(dá)。

2)表示經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢好轉(zhuǎn)，可用pick up/gather momentum等詞語。

3)表示經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮/生意興隆，可用動詞boom或形容詞booming。

4)表示激發(fā)/刺激/促進(jìn)/推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)或貿(mào)易發(fā)展，可用boost/fuel/stimulate/ excite/trigger等動詞。

5)表示產(chǎn)值/總值/總量/總額取得/實現(xiàn)/創(chuàng)造了歷史數(shù)字或者創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄，習(xí)慣使用reach historic high/hit an all-time high/hit history/reach a record high/ report a record high/hit a historic high/hit new high等表達(dá)。

6)表示產(chǎn)值/總量/總值/總額/收入等實現(xiàn)了多少，習(xí)慣使用report/ record/post/hit/total等動詞作為謂語，后接具體的數(shù)字。

7)表示增長幅度，多用increase/rise/raise/grow/jump/lift/soar等詞后接by引導(dǎo)具體數(shù)字或百分比，也可用副詞up后接by引導(dǎo)具體數(shù)字或百分比; increase/rise/grow/jump既可以是動詞，也可以是名詞。

8)表示減幅則使用decline/decrease/fall/dive/plummet和副詞down，后接by引導(dǎo)具體數(shù)字或百分比;decline/decrease/fall/dive既可以是動詞，也可以是名詞;增幅/減幅也可以用比較級來表達(dá);英語新聞發(fā)展的最新趨勢是，在第6種和第7種情況下by也可以省略。

9)表示價格上漲，尤其是物價上漲，喜歡使用hike這個名詞，而且經(jīng)常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，如price hikes。表示物價上漲的動詞性表達(dá)則可以說go up，下降就是go down。

10)表示與上一年度同期對比，即我國新聞報道喜歡使用的簡稱“同比”，常用的表達(dá)有副詞性的year on year/on a yearly basis/on an annual basis;介詞性的against/over/on/from the same/corresponding period of last year以及形容詞性的year-on-year/annual/yearly。上述多重選擇正好可以實現(xiàn)同一中文句式在譯文中的多樣化表達(dá)。

11)表示某單位或某地區(qū)的總值占一個行業(yè)或更大地區(qū)(市/省/全國)多少比重，常用account for×××percent of the total/contribute×××percent to the total等結(jié)構(gòu)。

12)表示原因歸咎于某一方面，習(xí)慣使用動詞attribute．．．to或形容詞attributable to．．．結(jié)構(gòu);也可以說增長/降低/發(fā)展/變化是be fueled/driven/ stimulated/boosted/triggered by某些因素。

13)數(shù)字和百分比可以取正數(shù)，因為新聞報道主要是傳播信息，而非進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計，必須十分精確。也可以最多保留小數(shù)點后第一位，第二位四舍五入，這是因為過多的數(shù)字和百分比不利于對外新聞報道的傳播效果，如果小數(shù)點后保留位數(shù)太多則更加復(fù)雜，尤其是對電視受眾而言。

14)百分比如正好是25%，50%或75%，既可以直接照譯，也可以代之以quarter，half，three quarters。

15)總值/總量/總額位居某一地區(qū)(市/省/全國)第一，常用“top/rank first in某一地區(qū)”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。

16)若表示產(chǎn)值/總值/總額/總量高于/低于某一地區(qū)(市/省/全國)的平均水平，常用higher/lower than the city's/provincial/national average。

17)若表示在全國/全省領(lǐng)先，則表達(dá)為take the lead in the country(province)/lead the country(province)。

18)表示占據(jù)多少市場份額，習(xí)慣說account for/occupy×××(百分比) of the market;如表示占據(jù)很大市場份額，則使用lion's share這一英語習(xí)語。

19)季節(jié)、月份等詞語出現(xiàn)在標(biāo)題中時常用縮略形式，如第一季度縮略為Qtr.1，1～6月份為Jan.thru Jun．;1～6月份也可以說first half year。

20)在標(biāo)題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的其他縮略詞還有national=nat'l;international= int'l;government=govt./gov.等。

為了進(jìn)一步說明問題，茲結(jié)合上述規(guī)律總結(jié)，舉例說明:

1)服務(wù)業(yè)投資增速達(dá)21.4%。

譯文:Investment in the service industry reported a rise of 21.4 percent．

2)南通港完成貨物吞吐量3 006萬噸，占年度計劃的25.1%，比去年同期增長22.2%。

譯文:Nantong Harbor saw 30 million tons of cargo handled，up 22.2% year on year and accounting for a quarter of the annual targets in 2007．

3)一季度，全省居民消費(fèi)價格累計上漲2.2%，漲幅比去年同期增加0.7個百分點。

譯文:During the first quarter，the provincial general price level recorded a growth rate of 2.2%，up 0.7 on a yearly basis．

4)今年以來服務(wù)業(yè)投資快速增長的主要動因是占服務(wù)業(yè)投資總量50.6%的房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)投資的快速增長。

譯文:The rapid growth in service sector investment since January was mainly fueled by(was attributed to)the soaring development of real estate investment，which accounted for 50.6 percent of the industry's total．

5)上半年我省外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口總值為1 581.1億美元，比去年同期增長23.6%，居全國第二，出口增幅在東部沿海主要省份中居第1位。

譯文:East China's Jiangsu Province reported over 158 billion US dollars of foreign trade in the first half of this year，up by 23.6%against last year．The export rise topped East China and its foreign trade ranked second nationwide．

6)1～6月份，江蘇省進(jìn)出口總值占全國進(jìn)出口總值的16.1%。

譯文:In the January through to June period(in the first half of the year)，Jiangsu's total foreign trade volume contributed 16.1%to the nation's total(accounted for 16.1%of the nation's total)．

7)在產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移帶動下，1～6月份，蘇北地區(qū)實現(xiàn)增加值同比增長20%。

譯文:Driven by industrial transfer，North Jiangsu registered a 20 percent year-on-year growth in its added value．

新聞翻譯實例一

上半年我省出口增幅居?xùn)|部沿海省份第一位

【口導(dǎo)】南京海關(guān)今天公布，上半年我省外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口總值為1 581.1億美元，比去年同期增長23.6%，居全國第二，出口增幅在東部沿海主要省份中居第1位。

【配音】1～6月份，江蘇省進(jìn)出口總值占全國進(jìn)出口總值的16.1%，其中，出口908.5億美元，同比增長28.5%，進(jìn)口672.6億美元，同比增長17.7%。分析人士認(rèn)為，國際市場的旺盛需求和本地產(chǎn)品競爭力的增強(qiáng)是推動出口穩(wěn)步增長的深層原因。而6月份我省出口沖到新高，達(dá)155.2億美元，這和7月份實施的出口退稅新政密不可分，不少企業(yè)創(chuàng)下單月收益新紀(jì)錄。統(tǒng)計顯示，政策涉及面較廣的鋼鐵、紡織服裝等出口增幅尤為顯著，特別是鋼材出口量，1～6月份達(dá)到503萬噸，同比增長1.3倍，而另一方面，從一些外貿(mào)公司縮減固定資產(chǎn)投資、做產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整前的準(zhǔn)備，可以看出新政的潛在效應(yīng)正在顯現(xiàn)。

【同期】廣發(fā)證券北京東路營業(yè)部總經(jīng)理×××

拿外貿(mào)企業(yè)來講，他們有一些資金希望在本行業(yè)之外尋求理財出路，比如說，關(guān)心有沒有券商不定期資產(chǎn)理財計劃。

【配音】據(jù)海關(guān)統(tǒng)計部門預(yù)測，在經(jīng)歷了必要的過渡期之后，新政對出口產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的效應(yīng)將在2～3個月以后進(jìn)一步凸現(xiàn)。

Jiangsu export rise tops East China Jan．thru．Jun．

East China's Jiangsu Province reported over 158 billion US dollars of foreign trade in the first half of this year，up by 23.6%against last year，according to latest statistics released by Nanjing Customs．The export rise topped East China and its foreign trade ranked second nationwide．

The province registered a total export volume of 90.85 billion US dollars and a total import volume of 67.26 US dollars，an increase of 28.5%and 17.7% respectively．The province's foreign trade contributed 16.1%to the nation's total，thanks to the robust global market and the improved competitive edge of the local products．In June，the province's export volume reached a record high of 15.52 billion US dollars．Quite a few enterprises throughout the province hit a historic high in their turnover，thanks to export tax rebates．According to statistics，the exports in the steel and textile sectors have risen substantially．The export volume of steel totaled 5.03 million tons in the first half year，up by 130%year on year．Furthermore，some foreign trade companies cut their fixed assets investment besides releasing policies on structural readjustment．The new policies are expected to exert a positive impact on the exports turnover in a short period of time．

新聞翻譯實例二

我省深入落實加快蘇北振興的戰(zhàn)略部署

【口導(dǎo)】今天，由省工商聯(lián)、宿遷市委市政府共同主辦的“支持蘇北發(fā)展宿遷行”活動在宿遷舉行，以此深入貫徹落實省委省政府加快蘇北振興的戰(zhàn)略部署和省黨代會提出“加快蘇北振興，重點幫助宿遷實現(xiàn)更大突破”的精神，推動民營企業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移，促進(jìn)區(qū)域共同發(fā)展。

【配音】來自全省近百名知名民營企業(yè)家今天上午齊聚宿遷，在重點項目現(xiàn)場簽約會上，有“蘇皖金谷農(nóng)資城財富中心”等15個項目進(jìn)行了簽約，總投資資金達(dá)到46億元，這也是我省民營企業(yè)最大規(guī)模的集體活動。

【同期】省美容美發(fā)化妝品商會會長×××

(大意:作為民營企業(yè)要響應(yīng)省委省政府加快蘇北振興的部署，做好項目合作……)

【配音】近年來，我省區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略深入推進(jìn)，蘇南蘇北掛鉤項目進(jìn)一步增加。截至目前，蘇北五市共承接蘇南500萬元以上轉(zhuǎn)移項目4 770個，總投資1 175億元，實際引進(jìn)域外資金485億元，為加快振興蘇北起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。

Jiangsu steps up efforts to revitalize northern regions

East China's Jiangsu Province has stepped up its efforts to revitalize its northern regions which are economically underdeveloped compared to their counterparts in the south．Private economy is highlighted in the future to help boost the economical growth there．

More than 100 celebrated entrepreneurs from across the province gathered on Wednesday in Suqian，a city in North Jiangsu．In the key project promotion fair，15 projects were singed，registering a total investment of 4.6 billion yuan．This is the largest economic promotion campaign the province has launched so far．

In recent years，Jiangsu has given significant boost to regional cooperation by diverting more projects from the south to the north．The five cities in the economically booming southern regions have transferred to the northern regions 4，700 projects，each registering an individual investment of 5 million yuan．The combined investment amounts to 117.5 billion yuan．In the meantime，the northern regions have attracted a total investment of 48.5 billion yuan．These efforts have significantly revitalized the economic growth there．

新聞翻譯實例三

2月份我省居民消費(fèi)價格同比上漲7.7%低于全國平均水平

【口導(dǎo)】國家統(tǒng)計局江蘇調(diào)查總隊今天發(fā)布最新消息，2月份我省消費(fèi)價格總水平同比上漲7.7%，比全國平均水平低了一個百分點。

【配音】受雪災(zāi)和春節(jié)雙重因素影響，2月份我省CPI達(dá)到107.7，食品價格的大幅上漲仍是拉升CPI的主要動力。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2月份我省食品價格比去年同期上漲20.1%，肉禽及制品、油脂、鮮菜價格上漲較快。除食品外，我省其他七大類居民消費(fèi)價格呈現(xiàn)“五升二降”，價格下跌的是交通和通信價格以及娛樂教育類價格。

分地區(qū)看，由于蘇南地區(qū)遭受的雪災(zāi)影響遠(yuǎn)大于蘇北，所以蘇南的物價漲幅普遍高于蘇北。蘇南五市漲幅平均為8%，蘇中為7.2%，蘇北為6.4%。其中南京市為9.4%，居13個省轄市之首。

Jiangsu CPI rises on food price hikes

The Consumer Price Index or CPI of East China's Jiangsu Province registered a year-on-year rise of 7.7 percent in February，2008，according to the latest figures released on Tuesday．

Due to the severe snow disaster that ravaged the province and food price rise during the Spring Festival，Jiangsu's CPI，the main gauge of inflation，hit 107.7 in the previous month．It was one percentage lower than the national average in February，statistics show．

The 7.7 percent rise was mainly driven by the food price hikes across the province，an economic powerhouse of the nation．Food prices ballooned 20.1 percent in February from a year earlier．Pork prices，which had been blamed as the major factor driving up CPI figures throughout the later half of last year，soared in the past month．In addition，prices of cooking oil and fresh vegetables also saw a dramatic rise．

But prices in several other sectors reported a fall in February，including transportation，telecommunications，and entertainment and education．

In terms of the region，the price hikes in South Jiangsu were higher than those of the northern counterpart，where the snow was relatively mild．The average growth rate of CPI in five cities of South Jiangsu registered 8 percent，1.6 percentage points higher than that of North Jiangsu．Among the 13 cities，Nanjing，the capital city，reported a highest rise of 9.4 percent．