7.13　社會類新聞

在各類新聞中，反映百姓生活、風土人情和市井百態(tài)的社會新聞必不可少。在對外新聞報道中，此類新聞更是具有特別重要的意義，因為透過這些新聞報道，國外受眾得以了解中國百姓的生活狀態(tài)。

此類新聞報道的最大特點是充滿一個又一個細節(jié)，尤其是電視新聞報道，由于其傳播模式的特點，新聞內容更是以零碎的方式逐一交代。因此，翻譯此類新聞報道的時候需要注意掌握一些原則，第一是對于一些細節(jié)不可忽視甚至略去，而是要按照原稿進行信息傳遞，因為正是這些細節(jié)才使得新聞報道更加生動，更加飽滿。第二，一些次要甚至與主題關系不是很緊密的信息，則需要通過整合方式歸納起來翻譯，否則整個譯文會顯得過于松散。社會新聞由于其題材廣泛，因此相關詞匯也十分豐富，這時候就需要譯者充分發(fā)揮其基本功和知識面。

新聞報道翻譯實例一

春節(jié)長假過度放松“節(jié)日病”患者增多

【口導】長假結束，節(jié)日病紛紛顯現(xiàn):今天，南京各大醫(yī)院消化道、呼吸道疾病患者大大增多。

【配音】今天一早，家住山西路的張先生因連日來的朋友聚餐引發(fā)腸胃炎來到醫(yī)院就診。一到醫(yī)院就發(fā)現(xiàn)，像自己這樣的患者不在少數(shù)，由于過多食用油膩食物和過度飲酒，好多就診者都顯示不同程度的膽囊炎、胰腺炎等消化道疾病。醫(yī)生說，這些問題連同那些由于長期熬夜，導致身體抵抗力下降，出現(xiàn)頭暈乏力、食欲不佳等現(xiàn)象，統(tǒng)稱“節(jié)日病”。

【同期】南京鼓樓醫(yī)院急診科主任×××

在過去的一個禮拜當中，平均下來每天我們(接診)在450號到500號左右，其中有3/5是急診內科病人，2/5是急診外科病人。

【配音】在南京市兒童醫(yī)院，因感冒發(fā)燒、咳嗽前來就診的兒童也擠滿了候診大廳。據介紹，七天長假期間，醫(yī)院每天都要接診2 000多名患兒，其中還有不少孩子因誤食花生、瓜子等堅果類食物引起支氣管受傷。

【同期】南京兒童醫(yī)院門診科主任×××

傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日走親戚串門比較多，年齡小的孩子經過這一波折騰以后呼吸道感染的機會大大增加了。

【配音】據介紹，除了暴飲暴食和過度疲勞導致的“節(jié)日病”外，過度的休息放松也可能導致注意力難集中、情緒低落等“節(jié)日心理病”，影響正常的學習和工作。專家提醒，長假結束后人們應盡快調整好作息時間和飲食，適量運動，多與同事朋友交流和溝通，找回良好的狀態(tài)投入到節(jié)后的學習工作當中。

More patients visit hospitals after holiday

Wednesday was the first day when most Chinese people returned to work after the week-long spring festival celebration．As was expected，the number of people visiting hospitals because of holiday illness increased substantially．

A Mr．Zhang in Nanjing，the provincial capital city，went to see doctors early in the morning because he had been suffering from diarrhoea which was caused by the excessive dining parties during the holiday．Zhang was surprised to find that he had good company．Quite a few patients were turning to the doctors for help because of the digestive diseases of one kind or another．According to doctors，these diseases resulted from the staying up too late and the excessive partying during the week-long spring festival holiday．All the patients complained of being dizzy and low appetite．Such things are labelled holiday illness，as was put by the doctors．In Gulou Hospital，one of the leading hospitals in Nanjing，some 500 patients came to see doctors in the past week．Most of them were suffering from the discomforts related to their unhealthy life style in the holiday．In the city's children's hospital，the doctors treated more than 2，000 child patients every day during the holiday．

Experts caution that excessive dining and fatigue are among other things to disrupt people's normal life．Relaxing too much during a certain period can also make people depressed and absent-minded．When the holiday is over，it is high time that people turned to sports and good dining habits to restore their health and mind．

新聞報道翻譯實例二

蘇州迎來首波掃墓高峰

【口導】雖說離清明節(jié)還有大半個月，可今年掃墓踏青的第一波高峰已經來到蘇州。

【配音】昨天，蘇州鳳凰公墓的停車場停滿了掛著上海牌照的大巴車。在墓園的出入口，交警小劉正指揮車輛有序通行，他告訴記者，他和同事們七點鐘就在這里執(zhí)勤了。

【同期】蘇州市交巡警木瀆中隊民警×××

到目前為止，達到墓區(qū)的車子估計要超過1 000輛，到目前為止還沒有發(fā)生什么擁堵的狀況。

【配音】為了應對掃墓高峰的到來，交警部門除了在每個路口都派駐了交警執(zhí)勤外，進出墓區(qū)的道路也臨時改成了單行道。

【同期】上海司機

以前開過來是很堵的，今年來就比較好，很暢通，應該說管理方式上很好。

【配音】作為蘇州市規(guī)模最大的公墓之一，鳳凰公墓共有10萬多穴，昨天一天就有10 000多人來這里掃墓。墓區(qū)工作人員告訴記者，隨著清明節(jié)的臨近，真正的高峰估計會在下兩周的雙休日到來，估計到時每天掃墓的人數(shù)會超過30 000人。

Suzhou witnesses tomb-sweeping peak

South Jiangsu's Suzhou City has witnessed the first tomb-sweeping peak of this year，though there are two weeks to go before the annual Tomb-Sweeping Festival falls on April 4th．

In the local Phoenix Cemetery，quite a few buses hung with Shanghai's license tags could be seen on Monday．Due to the large number of tomb-sweeping vehicles，the local traffic policemen were busy carrying out their duties early in the morning．To cope with the peak，the roads near the cemetery have been made one-way．Thanks to the efforts by the policemen，the vehicles had free passage into and out of the cemetery．

As the city's largest public cemetery，the Phoenix Cemetery witnessed on Monday more than 10 thousand people who came to sweep the graves of their ancestors．It is estimated that a larger peak will come in next two weekends，when over 30 thousand people will arrive each day．

The Tomb-Sweeping Festival or Qingming Festival is a time for Chinese people to visit their ancestors'tombs．More important，it is a period to honor and to pay respect to one's deceased ancestors and family members．As a major Chinese festival，it has been added to the government's list of public holidays with additional two Chinese traditional festivals，which are Dragon-Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival．

新聞報道翻譯實例三

瀕臨失傳梨膏糖藝人急尋“接班人”

【口導】上了點年紀的人都知道，玄妙觀是早年蘇州老百姓很喜歡去的好地方，那里有雜耍、兜售傷膏藥、賣梨膏糖的。如今，隨著時代的變遷，梨膏糖這門手藝正面臨失傳的境遇。

【現(xiàn)場同期聲】

各位朋友靜靜聽，聽我來唱我們一段蘇州景，蘇州本是古老文化城，自從吳越春秋到如今。

【配音】在玄妙觀東腳門，一張桌子、一張椅子再加一面旗，就成了梨膏糖老藝人張志良做生意的全部門面。張老伯介紹，他表演的節(jié)目叫“小熱昏”，內容大致是些走街串巷時看到的新鮮事兒，語言活潑有趣，到后來“小熱昏”也就成了梨膏糖的代名詞。

【同期】梨膏糖老藝人×××

賣梨膏糖的場面用不著大場面的，一般講一只臺子，一只箱子。說唱，賣梨膏糖主要靠說唱，所以梨膏糖名氣響主要是唱出來的。

【配音】梨膏糖的制作工藝并不復雜，主要是用冰糖、梨汁為主料，加天然植物配方加工熬煎而成，可化痰潤肺，在滬、寧、蘇、杭享有盛名。

【同期】蘇州市民×××

我小時候他就開始賣梨膏糖了，我老公一直咳嗽，一直吃這個的，特地趕過來買的。

【配音】賣了幾十年的梨膏糖，如今，74歲的張老伯遇上了難題。

【同期】梨膏糖老藝人×××

我?guī)н^幾天徒弟的，兩個徒弟，當時做做還蠻誠心，但是時間一長賺不到錢，他們就去做別的行當了。人家全不做了，今后再看有沒有別的辦法。

Pear syrup candy calling for apprentices to pass down

Li'gao'tang or pear syrup candy，a favorite Chinese snack known far and wide，is on the verge of extinction．Local craftsmen in Suzhou City of East China's Jiangsu Province are eager to find willing apprentices to pass down the traditional Chinese product which used to be hawked in bazaars and temple fairs．

Mr．Zhang Zhiliang is sticking to his old business of making and hawking pear syrup candy in Xuanmiaoguan Temple of downtown Suzhou．With a simple stand made of one table，one chair and one banner，Zhang is delighted to demonstrate his improvised jokes，ballads or tongue-twisters．He sings loudly in praise of his candy while making the candy on a stove．According to Zhang，the hawkers in the past used to peddle the candy with their wheelbarrows throughout the streets of old Shanghai．The hawker's wheelbarrow would contain a square table for displaying a variety of pear syrup candy，a gas lamp，a teapot，and most important of all，a little gong，the prop to accompany his promotional words:improvised jokes，ballads or tongue-twisters．In their ad-lib，they would not reveal that the pear syrup candy originated in the Tang Dynasty thanks to a minister's filial piety to his coughing mother．Nor would they analyze the ingredients of the candy，including some thirty kinds of herbal juice．Instead they would comment on the latest news in town，and make fun of stupid officials or policemen．

Pear syrup candy is sold in a great variety all year round．Among them is the medicinal pear syrup good for curing coughs，which is made of a dozen of medicinal herbs like the almond，haw，tendril-leafed fritillary bulb，orange roots and blossoms．There is also assorted pear syrup candy made of ginger juice，peppermint，walnuts，fried shrimps，meat floss，bean puree，pine-nuts，peanuts，gingko nuts，dried rose petals，lemon，etc．

Unfortunately，pear syrup candy seems to be fading into oblivion as the making and hawking of such a small snack is gradually losing its popularity with the younger generations who tend to be keen on fast food and anything new．Zhang Zhiliang used to take on two apprentices years ago but they soon quit for the sake of earning money too little and too slow．Zhang is really worried that his craft will fade into obscurity in the future．