名詞性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
第九節(jié) 名詞性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
在英語(yǔ)中詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)化的現(xiàn)象越來(lái)越普遍。連詞的轉(zhuǎn)化和其他詞類(lèi)的轉(zhuǎn)化一樣,以獨(dú)特的方式豐富了英語(yǔ)的詞匯,增強(qiáng)了英語(yǔ)的表現(xiàn)力。由名詞轉(zhuǎn)化成連接詞就是其中一例。本文擬就這一現(xiàn)象歸納如下:
一、名詞the moment,the instant,the minute充當(dāng)連接詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“(剛)一……就……”,與as soon as相當(dāng)。有時(shí)其前可用強(qiáng)調(diào)詞very,其后應(yīng)接一個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞that,由于用得多了,后面的that可用可不用,特別是在moment之后that完全省略了
例如:
①The moment I saw you,I knew you were angry with me.我一見(jiàn)到你,就知道你在生我的氣。
②I sent you the news the instant(that)I heard it.我一聽(tīng)到這消息便通知你。
③I'll tell him the minute(that)he comes.他一來(lái)我就告訴他。
④I started the very moment I got your letter.我一接到你的信就動(dòng)身了。
二、以time為中心詞構(gòu)成的詞組充當(dāng)連接詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,表示的意思是“……時(shí)”
例如:
①He called to see my mother the first time he came to London.他第一次到倫敦,就看望我母親。
②The fourth time he escaped,he had the misfortune to be caught by a professional slave-catcher,who brought the African back to the plantation.那個(gè)非洲人第四次逃跑時(shí),不幸被職業(yè)奴隸捕手抓住并將他帶回種植園。
③The last time she has seen Mr.James,he was sitting on the brocade settee.她最后一次見(jiàn)到詹姆斯先生時(shí),他就坐在這張鋪有錦緞的長(zhǎng)沙發(fā)上。
④Next time you come,you will see him.
下次你來(lái)時(shí),就會(huì)見(jiàn)到他。
⑤Each time(Whenever)he came to town,he would visit our college.他每次進(jìn)城都要到我們學(xué)校來(lái)看看。
⑥Every time(As often as)I travelled by boat,I got seasick.我每次乘船都暈船。
⑦You are welcome to come back any time you want to.你什么時(shí)候想回來(lái),我們都?xì)g迎。
⑧He kept fanning himself all the time he went on talking.當(dāng)他滔滔不絕地講話時(shí),他不停地扇扇子。
⑨I shall be here by the time(that)you come.等你回來(lái)時(shí),我將再到這里來(lái)。
三、名詞year,week,day,spring,summer,autumn,winter等充當(dāng)連接詞
例如:
①He left Europe the year World War II broke out.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)的那一年,他離開(kāi)了歐洲。
②We were there the week it snowed so heavily.下大雪的那一周我們正在那里。
③I got ill the day he arrived home.他回家那天生病了。
④The first two days he stayed with me in that back room he was very peaceful.
他同我呆在后房的頭兩天還很安靜。
⑤Alice had a baby the spring her husband went abroad.艾麗絲的丈夫出國(guó)的那年春天,她生下一個(gè)小孩。
⑥The summer Mary was fourteen her family travelled to the country as usual.瑪麗14歲的那個(gè)夏天,她全家與平常一樣去那個(gè)國(guó)家旅行。
此外,由名詞充當(dāng)連接詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,表示將來(lái)時(shí)只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
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