公元220年到公元581年的魏晉南北朝是中國歷史上社會(huì)大動(dòng)蕩、民族大融合的時(shí)期。這一時(shí)期朝代更迭頻繁，有時(shí)幾個(gè)政權(quán)同時(shí)并存，因此這一時(shí)期的文物具有濃郁的軍事色彩和地域特點(diǎn)。

魏晉南北朝時(shí)期，陜西是各民族內(nèi)遷的中心。這些形態(tài)各異、族屬不同的大量陶俑，是當(dāng)時(shí)民族融合的有力證據(jù)。從這張《少數(shù)民族姓氏演化表》上，可以看出許多姓氏當(dāng)初的族源?，F(xiàn)在陜西許多漢姓，實(shí)際是由少數(shù)民族姓氏演化而來的。

宗教藝術(shù)是魏晉南北朝時(shí)期最具特色的藝術(shù)形式之一。佛教在漢代傳入我國，魏晉南北朝時(shí)得到各少數(shù)民族政權(quán)的大力提倡，飽受戰(zhàn)亂之苦的人民也希望在求神拜佛中得到解脫，于是，佛教及佛教藝術(shù)都有了極大發(fā)展。造像是佛教藝術(shù)的主要形式之一，造像材料有金、銀、銅、玉等。

China experienced a long period of social upheaval and national amalgamation from220 to 581 AD.It was also a period of frequent dynastic changes when several regimes co－existed.The historical artifacts of these turbulent years assume military and regional features.

Shaanxi was a center of national amalgamation from220 to 581 AD，as is evidenced by these pottery figures.From the Evolution Chart of Minority Nationality Family Name，we can find many of the Han family names in Shaanxi derived their origin from those of the minority nationalities.

Religion－related art works were one of the most characteristic forms of art in the dynasties of the Wei，the Jin，the South and North.Buddhism was introduced into China during the Han Dynasty，and was popularized by various ethnic minority regimes. Those who suffered greatly from the unceasing wars and upheavals wished to seek relief and comfort by worshiping gods and Buddha.Therefore，both Buddhism and Buddhist art underwent tremendous changes.Buddhist statues were made from a number of materials such as gold，silver，bronze and jade.